Glycerol Purification Using Membrane Technology

Pal, Priya; Chaurasia, S.P.; Upadhyaya, Sushant; Agarwal, Madhu; Sridhar, S.

doi:10.1002/9781119418399.ch15

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The purification of glycerol using a combined strategy of physicochemical treatment and membrane filtration, reaching a pure glycerol content of 93.7%, was reported by Chol et al [15]. Another membrane purification technique, using flat sheets of hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, achieved a pure glycerol content of around 99.9% [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental and Simulation Studies for Purification and Etherification of Glycerol from the Biodiesel Industry

Silva,

Nascimento,

Lima

et al. 2023

AppliedChem

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In this study, a purification route was applied to crude glycerol and its valorization via etherification was evaluated. Crude glycerol samples were obtained through transesterification reactions of soybean oil with methanol using potassium hydroxide as catalyst. A set of separation steps (acidification, neutralization, salt precipitation, evaporation and removal of contaminants using ion-exchange resins) was performed for purification of crude glycerol. The glycerol contents of crude samples were 46% wt., and for purified samples they were above 98% wt. The etherification reactions were carried out with purified samples and different alcohols (ethanol, isopropanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol) placed into a batch reactor, using a small amount of Amberlyst 15 as a catalyst, with autogenous pressure and solvent-free conditions. The glycerol conversion, selectivity and yield to ethers were evaluated. A glycerol conversion of up to 97% wt. was obtained when using ethanol. For isopropanol, the glycerol conversion rate was 85% (97.1% of monoether and 2.8% of diether). However, the selectivity to ethers for 3-methyl-1-butanol was negligible (<3% wt.). A process simulation for the purification and etherification steps integrated with a biodiesel production process was assessed in terms of productivity and energy consumption, considering different scenarios of glycerol/alcohol molar ratios. Finally, main impacts on the overall energy consumption were evaluated for the purification processes (glycerol and ethers).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental and Simulation Studies for Purification and Etherification of Glycerol from the Biodiesel Industry

Silva,

Nascimento,

Lima

et al. 2023

AppliedChem

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“…It was reported that glycerol can be utilized as low-cost raw material to derive valuable chemicals such as glycerol ethers, 1,3-propanediol, epichlorohydrin, glycerol carbonate, 1,2-propanediol, etc. through carboxylation, dehydration, oxidation, hydrogenolysis, esterification, etherification, and reduction [46,47]. These conversion processes and involved heterogeneous catalysts are highlighted in the following sections.…”

Section: Applications Of Glycerolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemicals Production from Glycerol through Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review

et al. 2022

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Utilization of biofuels generated from renewable sources has attracted broad attention due to their benefits such as reducing consumption of fossil fuels, sustainability, and consequently prevention of global warming. The production of biodiesel causes a huge amount of by-product, crude glycerol, to accumulate. Glycerol, because of its unique structure having three hydroxyl groups, can be converted to a variety of industrially valuable products. In recent decades, increasing studies have been carried out on different catalytic pathways to selectively produce a wide range of glycerol derivatives. In the current review, the main routes including carboxylation, oxidation, etherification, hydrogenolysis, esterification, and dehydration to convert glycerol to value-added products are investigated. In order to achieve more glycerol conversion and higher desired product selectivity, acquisition of knowledge on the catalysts, the type of acidic or basic, the supports, and studying various reaction pathways and operating parameters are necessary. This review attempts to summarize the knowledge of catalytic reactions and mechanisms leading to value-added derivatives of glycerol. Additionally, the application of main products from glycerol are discussed. In addition, an overview on the market of glycerol, its properties, applications, and prospects is presented.

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“…Therefore, it has triggered the researchers to find different ways for crude glycerol purification, such as membranes separation. The membrane separation process is driven by the concentration or electric potential difference between the two mediums [23,24]. As membrane separation is an eco-friendly technology, it has become more well-known recently in terms of biodiesel's waste glycerol purification.…”

Section: Ion Exchange Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Carbonate Production Utilizing Crude Glycerol Derived as By-Product of Biodiesel Production: A Review

et al. 2020

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As a promising alternative renewable liquid fuel, biodiesel production has increased and eventually led to an increase in the production of its by-product, crude glycerol. The vast generation of glycerol has surpassed the market demand. Hence, the crude glycerol produced should be utilized effectively to increase the viability of biodiesel production. One of them is through crude glycerol upgrading, which is not economical. A good deal of attention has been dedicated to research for alternative material and chemicals derived from sustainable biomass resources. It will be more valuable if the crude glycerol is converted into glycerol derivatives, and so, increase the economic possibility of the biodiesel production. Studies showed that glycerol carbonate plays an important role, as a building block, in synthesizing the glycerol oligomers at milder conditions under microwave irradiation. This review presents a brief outline of the physio-chemical, thermodynamic, toxicological, production methods, reactivity, and application of organic carbonates derived from glycerol with a major focus on glycerol carbonate and dimethyl carbonate (DMC), as a green chemical, for application in the chemical and biotechnical field. Research gaps and further improvements have also been discussed.

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Glycerol Purification Using Membrane Technology

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and Simulation Studies for Purification and Etherification of Glycerol from the Biodiesel Industry

Experimental and Simulation Studies for Purification and Etherification of Glycerol from the Biodiesel Industry

Chemicals Production from Glycerol through Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review

Organic Carbonate Production Utilizing Crude Glycerol Derived as By-Product of Biodiesel Production: A Review

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