GNAS1 mutation analysis in gastrointestinal tumors

Walther, Bernhard Maria; Walther, Ina; Chen, Yuan; Petersen, Iver

doi:10.5603/fhc.2014.0011

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, tripolar mitoses were an indicator of a near triploid DNA content (samples 4,17,28). In addition, all carcinomas with increased DNA values (samples 4,10,12,17,28,30) had also increased morphology size values, which was particularly evident for the mitosis size.…”

Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, there was a correlation between the presence of either tripolar or tetrapolar mitoses with advanced tumor stage. Four out of 5 tumors (samples 17,24,26,28) were associated with stage III or IV disease while only one carcinoma in situ harboured a tripolar mitosis. Furthermore, tripolar mitoses were an indicator of a near triploid DNA content (samples 4,17,28).…”

Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Four out of 5 tumors (samples 17,24,26,28) were associated with stage III or IV disease while only one carcinoma in situ harboured a tripolar mitosis. Furthermore, tripolar mitoses were an indicator of a near triploid DNA content (samples 4,17,28). In addition, all carcinomas with increased DNA values (samples 4,10,12,17,28,30) had also increased morphology size values, which was particularly evident for the mitosis size.…”

Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Stage I carcinomas were mostly hyperdiploid ranging from 2,3c to 2,57c (samples 1,5,11,19,22) except for one tumor with a near tetraploid DNA content of 3,6c (sample 30). In stage II or higher cases (samples 12,13,15,17,24,26,28), there were more tumors with an increased DNA content. In particular, the only two carcinomas with lymph node metastases showed a near triploid DNA content of 2,9c and 3,05c respectively (samples 17 and 28).…”

Section: Dna Ploidy Status Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Tumors are formed by a series of specific gene mutations and many more have been meanwhile reported [16,17]. The oncogenic process is related to multiple pathways [16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA ploidy and morphology of colon tumors in the adenoma–carcinoma sequence

Staarmann

Kotb

Petersen

2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Chromosomal changes are widespread in the vast majority of colon carcinomas and aneuploidy is an established prognostic factor. However, this knowledge so far has no influence on tumor classification. We reported a morphology-based classification scheme, the core classification, that correlates with DNA ploidy. In particular, tripolar mitoses were identified as surrogate markers of a near triploid DNA content. In addition, a survey on chromosome numbers and survival rates in carcinomas suggested that triploidy as a particular state of aneuploidy may be correlated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype. We therefore aimed to analyse DNA ploidy in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Material and methods. The study collection consisted of 15 adenomas and 15 adenocarcinomas of 10 patients. Some of them showed a morphological transition between benign and malignant tumor components which were selectively analysed by DNA measurements. In addition, we assessed the morphological parameters of the core classification. Results. The main findings of the study may be summarized as follows. 1) DNA ploidy changes are already consistently detectable in colon adenomas. They are usually associated with hyperdiploidy. 2) Adenoma tissue adjacent to carcinomas, however, may carry a hypodiploid DNA content while the nearby carcinoma samples were hyperdiploid. Hypodiploidy may thus represent a transition state to near triploid carcinomas.3) The size of tumor nuclei and mitoses usually reflects the ploidy level of colon tumors. Specifically, triploid mitoses may point to a near triploid DNA content. 4) Triploidy per se cannot be equated with tumor aggressiveness as it may already be found in adenocarcinoma in situ. 5) Tripolar and tetrapolar mitoses in invasive colon cancer, however, are potential indicators of an advanced chromosomal instability and seemed to be associated with advanced tumor stages. Conclusions. We present data that hypodiploidy may represent a transition state from adenoma to carcinoma in a subset of colorectal tumors and that near-triploidy may be associated with a more aggressive course of the disease. However, the interpretation of tripolar mitoses and triploidy is largely dependent on the cell type (benign vs. malignant) and tissue context (invasive vs. non-invasive cancer). Furthermore, its interpretation may be distinct for different tumor stages and histotypes. Aneuploidy and multipolar mitoses are frequent findings in cancer cells. Their relevance for tumor biology deserves further studies.

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Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Core Classification Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Dna Ploidy Status Of Adenomas and Adenocarcinomasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Tumors are formed by a series of specific gene mutations and many more have been meanwhile reported [16,17]. The oncogenic process is related to multiple pathways [16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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