Goalball as an effective means of physical improvement for blind and visually impaired players

Krzak, Józef; Ślężyńska, Marzena; Ślężyński, Jan

doi:10.5604/20834543.1186910

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, Aydın et al (2004) suggested that motor and physical features of goalball players with visual disabilities developed more significantly than did those of individuals with visual disabilities who do not play goalball. In another study conducted with children with visual impairments, Krzak et al (2015) put forward the idea that goalball players with visual impairments developed spatial perception and physical characteristics as a result of their participation in sport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anthropometric characteristics are an important factor in goalball: Height and arm and hand length of a player in the defense position seem to be closely related to goalball techniques and may influence the performance of players (Molik et al, 2015). The literature shows that researchers have mainly focused on the aerobic capacity (Gulick & Malone, 2011), spatial orientation (Krzak et al, 2015), psychological strategies (Stamou et al, 2007), the effects of the game on physical fitness (Atan & Ayca, 2015; Ayça, 2013; Aydın et al, 2004; Calışkan et al, 2006; Furtado et al, 2016; Karakaya et al, 2009; Krzak et al, 2015; Temur et al, 2014), motoric characteristics (Karakollukçu & Aslan, 2015), throwing techniques (Bowerman et al, 2011), morphological characteristics (Gualdi-Russo & Zaccagni, 2001; Scherer et al, 2012), and nonverbal communication (Gomes-da-Silva et al, 2015) in the game. However, few studies have examined the anthropometric characteristics of goalball players related to their game performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Comparison of Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Characteristics, and Visual Acuity of Goalball Players with Their Right Shot Performance

Kimyon¹,

İnce

2020

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness

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Introduction: This study investigated the relationship between physical fitness, anthropometric characteristics, visual acuity of athletes with visual impairments, and their right shot performance. Method: The participants of the study involved 34 male athletes with different visual acuities who participated in the 2015 Visually Impaired Schools Goalball Championship in Alanya, Turkey. The means of the participants’ age, body weight, height, and sport age were 14.95 ± 1.28 years, 52.06 ± 8.89 kilograms, 163.58 ± 10.39 centimeters, 02.39 ± 1.50 years, respectively. The participants’ physical fitness, body fat percentage, handgrip (right–left), and spine flexibility were measured. Upper and lower extremity lengths were obtained through anthropometric measurements, and the athletes’ right shot performance was calculated. To analyze the data, the Shapiro–Wilk test was used, and one-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test were performed, because the data showed a normal distribution ( p = .106). In addition, multivariate regression model analysis was utilized to investigate the relationship between all parameters and the athletes’ right shot performance. Results: A significant difference was found among the groups’ right shot performance ( p = .03), specifically on behalf of the athletes with low vision. When the participants’ anthropometric features, physical fitness values, and their right shot performance were examined, a positive relationship was observed between their dominant (right) handgrip strength and right shot performance (stepwise method; p = .03, R2 = 0.14). However, no significant difference emerged between their anthropometric characteristics and right shot performance. Discussion: It is considered that visual acuity and upper extremity muscle strength are of vital importance in goalball. Implications for practitioners: Whereas the International Blind Sports Federation applies rules according to visual acuity to offer equal conditions for some areas of sport, in goalball such a rule does not exist. It is important to make a change in the regulations for competition groupings according to visual acuities in goalball like in other sports for individuals with visual impairments. More frequent workout oriented to upper extremity muscle strength during right shot performance is suggested in the training sessions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Comparison of Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Characteristics, and Visual Acuity of Goalball Players with Their Right Shot Performance

Kimyon¹,

İnce

2020

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness

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“…Only the athletes with more than 10 years of experience had better static balance scores (p<0.05) [32]. Krzak et al (2015) reported that playing goalball provides significant enhancements on motor abilities in visually impaired individuals [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of balance skills of visually impaired and non-impaired judo athletes and goalball/futsal players

Aras

Güler

Gülü

et al. 2018

PES

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Background and Study Aim: In order to sustain the performance in sport, it is necessary to constantly struggle with the factors which disrupt balance, and maintain the desired balance. The purpose of the present study is to compare and demonstrate the effects of sight grade on static and dynamic balance, and fall risk parameters in visually impaired and non-impaired judo athletes and goalball/futsal players. Material and Methods: A total of 26 male athletes (13 Judo, 13 Goalball/Futsal) participated in the study voluntarily. The participants performed two balance tests as Overall Stability Test and Fall Risk Test with the eyes open and eyes closed. The parameters observed were static and dynamic overall stability, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral index, and fall risk. Results: According to the findings, there were significant differences in all the parameters with the eyes open and eyes closed conditions in visually non-impaired athletes regardless of the sport branch, while visually impaired athletes showed no significant difference. However, more loss of balance was observed in all the parameters for visually impaired athletes. Conclusions: These findings show that visual system has a crucial role on balance, and athletes with visually impaired have more advanced vestibular system and proprioceptive senses to maintain their balance. It was also understood that visually non-impaired athletes tend to show more deteriorated balance level when their eyes were closed. Future studies could examine the vestibular and proprioceptive senses besides visual system to provide information about how balance is affected from other systems.

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“…Using hearing to detect location is applied in playing sports, such as Goalball. For the visually impaired, the sound is important in indicating the ball's location, and avoiding possible accidents (15). However, the jingling of the bells embedded in the ball is only heard when the ball is in motion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Ball: Designing A Novel Sports Electronic Audio Ball for Visual Impairment Student

et al. 2020

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Background. A field study conducted by researchers found the balls used by visual impairment students at school basically used the sound by a small bell inside the ball. However, the sound emitted from the ball is very limited, the ball will sound when it is moved. This makes it difficult for students with visual impairments to find a missing ball that not emitted makes a sound. Objectives. A Loud-ball ("L-Ball") is a prototype ball designed by a researcher using an electronic circuit that produces non-stop sound intensity during play. This study focuses on prototype design by considering the selection of mechanically strong lightweight electronic components, such as batteries and buzzers. Methods. The L-ball prototype design uses the main electronic components is a lithium battery and piezoelectric buzzer. Then, the sound intensity measured at different distances by the researchers for the ability of electronic components to emit sound from inside the ball. Impact measurements are also carried out to ensure that the electronic components inside the ball do not dislodge during the use of the ball. Results. The results showed that the maximum L-Ball sound intensity emitted was 64 dB with impact resistance performed 100 times. Finally, the sound emitted is suitable for playing fields with a width of 3 meters and a length of 13.4 meters. Conclusion. L-ball is designed like a ball for visual impairment, the quiet of the stadium is the main requirement the L-ball sound can be heard optimally by all players.

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Goalball as an effective means of physical improvement for blind and visually impaired players

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

The Comparison of Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Characteristics, and Visual Acuity of Goalball Players with Their Right Shot Performance

The Comparison of Physical Fitness, Anthropometric Characteristics, and Visual Acuity of Goalball Players with Their Right Shot Performance

Comparison of balance skills of visually impaired and non-impaired judo athletes and goalball/futsal players

L-Ball: Designing A Novel Sports Electronic Audio Ball for Visual Impairment Student

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