Golden Rice – five years on the road – five years to go?

Al‐Babili, Salim; Beyer, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2005.10.006

Cited by 160 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A case in point is Golden Rice, in which the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway has been reconstituted in non-carotenogenic endosperm tissue, as a means to deliver provitamin A [30][31][32]. Reconstitution of the pathway in other crops depends on the metabolic bottleneck, as illustrated by canola, tomato and potato [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Molecular Breeding and Transgenicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortified crops to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition

Mayer

Pfeiffer

Beyer

2008

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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431

268

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Section: Molecular Breeding and Transgenicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortified crops to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition

Mayer

Pfeiffer

Beyer

2008

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

Self Cite

431

268

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“…A series of desaturation reactions with phytoene desaturase and ζ-carotene desaturase leads to a colored lycopene, followed by subsequent cyclization reactions to yield carotenoids. Of the carotenoids, only β-carotene has a high pVA activity [39].…”

Section: Scientific Progress Of Pro-vitamin a Enhanced Transgenic Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic Pro-Vitamin A Biofortified Crops for Improving Vitamin A Deficiency and Their Challenges

Lee¹

2017

TOASJ

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Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) has been a public health problem among children in developing countries. To alleviate VAD, Vitamin A Supplementation (VAS), food fortification, biofortification and nutrition education have been implemented in various degrees of success with their own merits and limits. While VAS is the most widely utilized intervention in developing countries to ease the burden of VAD, some have raised questions on VAS' effectiveness. Biofortification, often touted as an effective alternative to VAS, has received significant attention. Among the available biofortification methods, adopting transgenic technology has not only facilitated rapid progress in science for enhanced pro-Vitamin A (pVA) levels in target crops, but drawn considerable skepticism in politics for safety issues. Additionally, VAD-afflicted target regions of transgenic pVA crops widely vary in their national stance on Genetically Modified (GM) products, which further complicates crop development and release. This paper briefly reviews VAS and its controversy which partly demanded shifts to food-based VAD interventions, and updates the current status of transgenic pVA crops. Also, this paper presents a framework to provide potential influencers for transgenic pVA crop development under politically challenging climates with GM products. The framework could be applicable to other transgenic micronutrient biofortification.

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“…Unfortunately, vitamin A deficiency is prevalent in one third of the countries of the world and may cause severe diseases such as increased susceptibility to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and childhood diseases, and may even lead to blindness . Transgenic rice plants, the so-called Golden Rice varieties, expressing carotenoid biosynthesis genes with plastid-targeting signals in the nucleus of endosperm cells have been developed to fight vitamin A deficiency in poor countries Beyer et al 2002;Al-Babili and Beyer 2005). Attempts to produce transplastomic plants with increased or enhanced carotenoid pattern include (1) increasing the availability of the biosynthetic precursors, (2) modifying the enzymes/regulatory mechanisms of the biosynthetic pathway, and (3) shifting the pathway towards the synthesis of novel compounds.…”

Section: Biofortification-metabolic Engineering In Order To Enhance Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplastomic plants for innovations in agriculture. A review

Wani

Sah

Sági

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Food production has to be significantly increased in order to feed the fast growing global population estimated to be 9.1 billion by 2050. The Green Revolution and the development of advanced plant breeding tools have led to a significant increase in agricultural production since the 1960s. However, hundreds of millions of humans are still undernourished, while the area of total arable land is close to its maximum utilization and may even decrease due to climate change, urbanization, and pollution. All these issues necessitate a second Green Revolution, in which biotechnological engineering of economically and nutritionally important traits should be critically and carefully considered. Since the early 1990s, possible applications of plastid transformation in higher plants have been constantly developed. These represent viable alternatives to existing nuclear transgenic technologies, especially due to the better transgene containment of transplastomic plants. Here, we present an overview of plastid engineering techniques and their applications to improve crop quality and productivity under adverse growth conditions. These applications include (1) transplastomic plants producing insecticidal, antibacterial, and antifungal compounds. These plants are therefore resistant to pests and require less pesticides. (2) Transplastomic plants resistant to cold, drought, salt, chemical, and oxidative stress. Some pollution tolerant plants could even be used for phytoremediation. (3) Transplastomic plants having higher productivity as a result of improved photosynthesis. (4) Transplastomic plants with enhanced mineral, micronutrient, and macronutrient contents. We also evaluate field trials, biosafety issues, and public concerns on transplastomic plants. Nevertheless, the transplastomic technology is still unavailable for most staple crops, including cereals. Transplastomic plants have not been commercialized so far, but if this crop limitation were overcome, they could contribute to sustainable development in agriculture.

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Golden Rice – five years on the road – five years to go?

Cited by 160 publications

References 34 publications

Biofortified crops to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition

Biofortified crops to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition

Transgenic Pro-Vitamin A Biofortified Crops for Improving Vitamin A Deficiency and Their Challenges

Transplastomic plants for innovations in agriculture. A review

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