GPI-anchored SKS proteins regulate root development through controlling cell polar expansion and cell wall synthesis

Zhou, Ke

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.081

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, according to more recent experimental data, genes not included in 2003 also turned out to encode GPI-APs, such as At1g09460, At2g30933, At2g03505, and At4g13600 (Simpson et al, 2009), LORELEI (Tsukamoto et al, 2010), and XYP2 (Motose et al, 2004). Interestingly, due to recent achievements on alternative splicing, transcriptional variants of SKS3 (Zhou, 2019a) and CRK10 (Grojean and Downes, 2010) have been found to encode GPI-APs besides their ordinarily reported proteins ( Figure 2 ). Alternative splicing largely enhanced the diversity of transcriptome and proteome, and more and more genes (up to 80% according to recent RNA-seq achievements) have been found to be alternatively spliced in Arabidopsis , which could greatly increase the abundance of GPI-APs (Wang et al, 2009; Filichkin et al, 2010; Severing et al, 2011; Reddy et al, 2013; Lee and Rio, 2015; Bush et al, 2017).…”

Section: Prediction and Identification Of Gpi-aps In Arabidopsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins in Arabidopsis and One of Their Common Roles in Signaling Transduction

Zhou

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Diverse proteins are found modified with glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) at their carboxyl terminus in eukaryotes, which allows them to associate with membrane lipid bilayers and anchor on the external surface of the plasma membrane. GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) play crucial roles in various processes, and more and more GPI-APs have been identified and studied. In this review, previous genomic and proteomic predictions of GPI-APs in Arabidopsis have been updated, which reveal their high abundance and complexity. From studies of individual GPI-APs in Arabidopsis , certain GPI-APs have been found associated with partner receptor-like kinases (RLKs), targeting RLKs to their subcellular localization and helping to recognize extracellular signaling polypeptide ligands. Interestingly, the association might also be involved in ligand selection. The analyses suggest that GPI-APs are essential and widely involved in signal transduction through association with RLKs.

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Section: Prediction and Identification Of Gpi-aps In Arabidopsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins in Arabidopsis and One of Their Common Roles in Signaling Transduction

Zhou

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…SKS3 is predicted to alternatively encode asoluble secretory protein and aplasma membrane attached GPI-anchored protein. 20 In this study, I report an unexpected organ-specific alternatively spliced variant of SKS3 in Arabidopsis, which could encode a plasma membrane attached protein with transmembrane region at C-terminus, besides the predicted variant encoding a GPI-anchored protein. Interestingly, its splicing site seems unique, which does not follow the "GT-AG" rule, or any other reported rules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The alternative splicing of SKU5-Similar3 in Arabidopsis

Zhou

2019

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Alternative splicing largely enhanced the diversity of transcriptome and proteome in eukaryas. Along with technological development, more and more genes are reported to be alternatively spliced during mRNA maturation. Here, I report the alternative splicing of SKU5-Similar 3 (SKS3) and its special splicing site in Arabidopsis. SKS3 was predicted to be alternatively transcribed into two variants, SKS3.1 and SKS3.2, which encoded a GPI-anchored protein and a soluble secretory protein, respectively. But, according to experimental data, instead of SKS3.2, a novel variant, SKS3.3, which encodes a protein with a transmembrane region at its C-terminus, was demonstrated. Interestingly, it exhibites a different organ-specific expression pattern with SKS3.1, and an unusual intron splicing site not following 'GT-AG' rule or any reported rule.

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“…The Arabidopsis genome contains 19 SKS family members (Sedbrook et al., 2002); however, the functions and cellular mechanisms of most SKS proteins are unknown. There are four GPI‐anchored proteins in the Arabidopsis SKS family (Zhou, 2019). Arabidopsis SKU5, the first SKS protein described in the literature, is a GPI‐anchored protein involved in directional root growth (Sedbrook et al., 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arabidopsis SKU5, the first SKS protein described in the literature, is a GPI‐anchored protein involved in directional root growth (Sedbrook et al., 2002). Three other GPI‐anchored proteins, SKS1–3, also regulate root growth (Zhou, 2019). SKS6 plays a role in vascular tissue development in cotyledons (Jacobs and Roe, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis SKU5 Similar 11 and 12 play crucial roles in pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance

Duan

Wang

et al. 2021

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARY Pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance are crucial factors in plant sexual reproduction. Members of the plant Skewed5 (SKU5) Similar (SKS) family show strong similarity to multicopper oxidases (MCOs), but they lack conserved histidines in MCO active sites. The functions of most SKS family members are unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis pollen‐expressed SKS11 and SKS12 play important roles in pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance. The sks11sks12 mutant exhibited significantly reduced male fertility. Most of the pollen from sks11sks12 plants burst when germinated, and the pollen tubes grew slowly and exhibited defective growth along the funiculus and micropyle. SKS11‐GFP and SKS12‐mCherry were detected at the cell wall in pollen tubes. The contents of several cell wall polysaccharides and arabinogalactans were decreased in the pollen tube cell walls of sks11sks12 plants. Staining with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐sensitive dye and use of the H2O2 sensor HyPer revealed that the ROS content in the pollen tubes of sks11sks12 plants was remarkably reduced. SKS11444His‐Ala, in which the last conserved histidine was mutated, could restore the mutant phenotypes of sks11sks12. Thus, SKS11/12 are required for pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance possibly by regulating the ROS level and cell wall polysaccharide deposition or remodeling in pollen tubes.

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GPI-anchored SKS proteins regulate root development through controlling cell polar expansion and cell wall synthesis

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins in Arabidopsis and One of Their Common Roles in Signaling Transduction

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins in Arabidopsis and One of Their Common Roles in Signaling Transduction

The alternative splicing of SKU5-Similar3 in Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis SKU5 Similar 11 and 12 play crucial roles in pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance

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