Gradient Composites of Alkaline Poly(6-hexanelactam) with Graphite: One-Step Synthesis, Structure, and Mechanical Properties

Horský, Jaroslav; Kolařı́k, Jan; Fambri, Luca

doi:10.1002/1439-2054(20010401)286:4<216::aid-mame216>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In most cases no systematic data is available in the literature on how reinforcements and/or tribological additives affect the polymerization and resulting properties of the PCL composites. These rather complex relations have been partly elucidated in our recent studies of the PCL/short glass fibers13 and PCL/graphite, or PCL/MoS 2 systems 14,15. However, tentative industrial applications of these fillers and their combinations with oil14 and other promising additives have not yet been studied in details.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Step Synthesis of Hybrid Composites of Poly(6‐hexanelactam) Combining Solid Tribological Additives and Reinforcing Components

Horský

Kolařı́k

Fambri

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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Four types of composites of polyamide 6 with hybrid tribological additives were synthesized via anionic adiabatic “in situ” polymerization of 6‐hexanelactam (ε‐caprolactam) initiated with metallic sodium and activated with cyclic trimer of phenyl isocyanate or diphenylmethane 4,4′‐diisocyanate. The optimization of the initiator/activator systems in the range of 0.3 to 1.2 mol‐% and of the initial polymerization temperatures from 125 to 150 °C preceded the composite preparation. Combinations of fillers and their maximum applied concentrations (in wt.‐%) were the following: MoS2/graphite/oil (5/16/9), carbon fibers/graphite/oil (5/20/10), copper phthalocyanine (7), and B2O3 (11). Analysis of selected composites encompassed water extraction, DSC, and DMTA measurements. All tested fillers decreased the polymerization rate, polymer yield, melting temperature and crystalline fraction. Polymerization rate constants of the neat polyamide 6 obtained for various initial temperatures obeyed the Arrhenius plot giving an average activation energy value of 78.6 kJ · mol−1.Rate of polymerization as a function of the total fillers content in adiabatic anionic polymerization of 6‐hexanelactam (A: MoS2 + G/O, Na/PIC, B: CPC, Na/MDI, C: MoS2 + G/O, Na/MDI, D: CF + G/O Na/MDI).magnified imageRate of polymerization as a function of the total fillers content in adiabatic anionic polymerization of 6‐hexanelactam (A: MoS2 + G/O, Na/PIC, B: CPC, Na/MDI, C: MoS2 + G/O, Na/MDI, D: CF + G/O Na/MDI).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Step Synthesis of Hybrid Composites of Poly(6‐hexanelactam) Combining Solid Tribological Additives and Reinforcing Components

Horský

Kolařı́k

Fambri

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…[27,35] The values of enthalpy of fusion of higher melting endotherm, T m2 , slightly increase when the Zn particle content is 8.0 wt.% and begins to slightly decrease with increase of the percentage over 8 wt.% of metallic powder in the initial reaction mixture. It can seen that all composite materials prepared by rotational molding via anionic ring-opening polymerization of '-caprolactam in the presence of zinc powder particles also exhibit two melting endothermic peaks at T m2 and T m3 corresponding to the melting of the a-crystalline form and c-crystalline form respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anionic Nylon 6/Zinc Composite Materials: Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Behavior

Rusu¹,

Rusu²

2010

International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization

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This study deals with the experimentally investigated effect of zinc (Zn) particles on the thermal and mechanical properties of nylon 6/zinc composite materials. Nylon 6 and nylon 6 containing 6.0, 8.0, 12.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 wt.% of unmodified zinc particles, metal-polymer composite materials, were prepared by in situ anionic polymerization of '-caprolactam (CL) in the presence of metallic fillers using rotational molding technique. The characteristics, namely melting temperature, degree of crystallinity (first and second heating scan) and crystallization temperature, crystalline structure, thermal stability, and mechanical properties (flexural modulus, flexural strength, and notched Izod impact strength), of the nylon 6/zinc composites were determined for each sample. Different DSC, ATG, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and mechanical measurements were performed. The results related to nylon 6 composites were compared with those obtained for pure nylon 6.

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Heterogeneous polyamide 66/syndiotactic polystyrene blends: Phase structure and thermal and mechanical properties

Kolařı́k

Fambri

Šlouf

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The structural and physical properties of polyamide 66 (PA66)/syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) blends were studied with electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and tensile creep, stress-strain, and impact measurements. Attention was primarily concentrated on blends with sPS weight fractions (w 2 ) in the range of 0 Ͻ w 2 Յ 0.50. DSC and WAXS showed that the integral crystallinity of the PA66 and sPS components in the blends was virtually unaffected by the blend composition. Polymorphism of sPS was observed for blends with w 2 Ն 0.50. Blends with 0.40 Յ w 2 Յ 0.60 consisted of partially cocontinuous components; otherwise, particles of the minority component were dispersed in the continuous majority component. The compatibilizer enhanced interfacial adhesion so that no debonding of the components in the fractured blends was observed. The compliance and creep rate of the blends at room temperature decreased proportionally to the sPS fraction; a corresponding increase in the storage modulus (EЈ) was observed in the 25-100°C interval. However, EЈ (125°C) noticeably declined with w 2 and thus showed that sPS did not improve the dimensional stability of the blends at elevated temperatures. The yield strength consistently grew with w 2 , whereas the yield strain dropped markedly; blends with w 2 Ն 0.60 were brittle, showing very low values of the ultimate properties. The stress at break, strain at break, and tensile energy to break displayed some local maxima at 0.25 Յ w 2 Յ 0.30, whereas the tensile impact strength steeply decreased.

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Gradient Composites of Alkaline Poly(6-hexanelactam) with Graphite: One-Step Synthesis, Structure, and Mechanical Properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

One‐Step Synthesis of Hybrid Composites of Poly(6‐hexanelactam) Combining Solid Tribological Additives and Reinforcing Components

One‐Step Synthesis of Hybrid Composites of Poly(6‐hexanelactam) Combining Solid Tribological Additives and Reinforcing Components

Anionic Nylon 6/Zinc Composite Materials: Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Behavior

Heterogeneous polyamide 66/syndiotactic polystyrene blends: Phase structure and thermal and mechanical properties

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