Grammar‐based Encoding of Facades

Haegler, Simon; Wonka, Peter; Arisona, Stéfan Müller; Gool, Luc Van; Müller, Pascal

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2010.01745.x

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The 3D City information model defines a data schema which together with Esri's procedural rule library turns attributed 2D GIS data automatically into 3D buildings and vegetation which then can be used for visualization, scenario planning and analysis without the need to do any procedural modeling at all. Moreover, rendering of highly detailed, textured 3D facades can be implemented on GPUs, allowing for real-time rendering of very large-scale 3D city models [8].…”

Section: The Workflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing photogrammetric 3d city models with procedural modeling techniques for urban planning support

Schubiger-Banz

Arisona

Zhong

2014

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. This paper presents a workflow to increase the level of detail of reality-based 3D urban models. It combines the established workflows from photogrammetry and procedural modeling in order to exploit distinct advantages of both approaches. The combination has advantages over purely automatic acquisition in terms of visual quality, accuracy and model semantics. Compared to manual modeling, procedural techniques can be much more time effective while maintaining the qualitative properties of the modeled environment. In addition, our method includes processes for procedurally adding additional features such as road and rail networks. The resulting models meet the increasing needs in urban environments for planning, inventory, and analysis. IntroductionCapturing as-built environments in 3D for today's planning and development projects gains importance with the ongoing densification and urbanization [1]. Although several automatic or semiautomatic 3D acquisition workflows exist, extensive manual 3D modeling is often required to meet visual quality and accuracy goals. This paper presents a workflow to make reality-based 3D urban models more detailed and to make them available to urban planning purposes. It combines the established workflows from photogrammetry and procedural modeling in order to exploit distinct advantages of both approaches. The presented workflow was originally developed at ETH Zurich's Future Cities Laboratory in Singapore, and uses photogrammetry for measuring geo-referenced satellite imagery to create 3D building models and textured roof geometry. The results are then used to create attributed building footprints, which can be applied in the procedural modeling part of the workflow. Thereby procedural building models and detailed façade structures, based on street-level photos, are created. The final step merges the textured roof geometry with the procedural façade geometry, resulting in an improved model compared with using each technique alone. In addition to the original workflow, here we also include support for adding additional city model layers, such as transportation networks, which are important for urban planning scenarios.

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Section: The Workflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing photogrammetric 3d city models with procedural modeling techniques for urban planning support

Schubiger-Banz

Arisona

Zhong

2014

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Several streets in several cities were automatically modeled. In other work, instead of focusing on precisely modeling existing facades, Haegler et al [43] centers on a new lightweight grammar representation that serves to compactly encode facade structures and allows fast computer graphics rendering.…”

Section: Buildings and Facadesmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Design and Modeling of Smart Cities from a Computer Graphics Perspective

Aliaga

2012

ISRN Computer Graphics

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.Modeling cities, and urban spaces in general, is a daring task for computer graphics, computer vision, and visualization. Understanding, describing, and modeling the geometry and behavior of cities are significant challenges that ultimately benefit urban planning and simulation, mapping and visualization, emergency response, and entertainment. In this paper, we have collected and organized research which addresses this multidisciplinary challenge. In particular, we divide research in modeling cities and urban spaces into the areas of geometrical modeling and of behavioral modeling. The first area overlaps significantly with computer graphics and computer vision-our focus is on algorithms that produce intricate geometry quickly from a compact set of specifications (i.e., procedural modeling). The second area of behavioral modeling centers on understanding the underlying socioeconomic, meteorological, and resource consumption/waste production processes occurring within an urban space. Research in urban modeling, even from a computer graphics perspective, must tie the two areas of geometric and behavioral modeling together in order to ensure that useful 3D modeling techniques are developed and are placed within their needed context. In addition, we discuss the growing trend of inverse procedural modeling and some sample urban applications.

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“…The whole production process can be seen as a graph where each node represents an operation applied to its incoming geometry stream and the leaf nodes are the geometry assets. This representation results in a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), where nodes denote rules and the links the stream of geometry [44]. Figure 3 shows a building example and its rules using a visual graph-based rule model.…”

Section: Procedural Modeling For Detailingmentioning

confidence: 99%

All range and heterogeneous multi-scale 3D city models

He¹,

Besuievsky²,

Tourre³

et al. 2012

Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models – European COST Action TU0801

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Abstract. 3D City Models (3DCM) are key features into decision making of several urban related problems. Therefore 3DCM are needed by several applications, but the required level-of-detail (LoD) of the model depends on the application. Our goal is to propose a multi-scale 3DCM production and use method. Our approach consists of merging, procedural modeling, graph rewriting techniques, and a generalization technique to handle all different kinds of LoD of a 3DCM. In this way, it allows to handle various heterogeneous LoDs of a complete urban city model. We test our proposal with the 3DCM of the City of Nantes for a rendering application. Our results can also be applied to other LoDs criteria to match other 3DCM-based needs.

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Grammar‐based Encoding of Facades

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

Enhancing photogrammetric 3d city models with procedural modeling techniques for urban planning support

Enhancing photogrammetric 3d city models with procedural modeling techniques for urban planning support

3D Design and Modeling of Smart Cities from a Computer Graphics Perspective

All range and heterogeneous multi-scale 3D city models

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