Granite resource evaluation: example of an extraction area in the north of Portugal

Santos, Iva; Sousa, Luís; Lourenco, J. N. de P.

doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7780-0

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Building stones have a high range of applications and worldwide production show an increasing tendency based in a continuous research in several related topics (Yarahmadi et al 2018(Yarahmadi et al , 2019aMontani 2017). In the past, aesthetical properties have been the rst factor in building stone selection (Sousa et al 2016;Santos et al 2018) while the petrophysical properties have been of secondary importance. The knowledge about the interference of the stone properties in weathering and durability behaviour when employed in buildings was increased substantially in the last decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrophysical properties of limestones: influence on behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications

et al. 2021

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Limestones have wide variety, namely by differences in the process of formation, mineralogical composition, grain size and texture. Such variability leads to differences in weathering characteristics and behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications. Therefore, detailed studies are mandatory to assess the main factors controlling the physicalmechanical properties and the durability to propose the best applications for the limestones. This study presents the petrographic and petrophysical data of eleven selected Portuguese limestones. Texture, mineralogy and porosity were identi ed as key parameters for the durability of limestones. Two main groups were identi ed regarding the texture/petrography and weathering resistance; the compact micritic limestones and with the sparitic grainstones. For the rst time an outstanding bowing behaviour was identi ed in a limestone, probably related with clay swelling minerals and iron oxides present in the micrite groundmass around or in the stylolitic planes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrophysical properties of limestones: influence on behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications

et al. 2021

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“…The orientation of fractures identified in a quarry is normally related with regional fault zones nearby (Sousa et al 2016;Santos et al 2018). These first-order fractures mostly occur together with lower-order fractures oriented orthogonally to those of the first-order.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, it should be noted that fractures may occur irregularly, vary widely from quarry to quarry and may not always be related to regional fault zones (Ehlen 1999;Sousa 2010), affecting the shape and the volume of the in-situ blocks (Mosch et al 2011). For these reasons, not only large-scale surveys are important for the development of a deposit, also detailed small-scale surveys in the quarries are required (Santos et al 2018). It also important assess how fracturing pattern and density changes within the quarry as the depth and the proximity to the faults have noticeable influence (Sousa et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One aspect usually neglected during the analyses of the joint spacing is the distribution of the data, which usually follows a lognormal distribution (Priest 1993;Sousa 2010;Annavarapu et al 2012;Sousa et al 2016;Santos et al 2018;Ferrari et al 2019;Bruzzi et al 2020). Consequently, the mean value is not the best measure of the "average" distance or block volume, being preferable a more realistic value as the median value (Sousa 2010;Morales Demarco et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Building stone quarries: resource evaluation by block modelling and unmanned aerial photogrammetric surveys

2021

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The production of building stones shown an exponential growth in last decades as consequences of the demand and developments in the extraction and processing techniques. From the several conditioning factors affecting this industry, the geological constrains at quarry scale stands out as one of most important. Globalization and increasing competition in the building stone market require large raw material blocks to keep further processing as cost-effective as possible. Therefore, the potential extraction volume of in-situ stone blocks plays an important role in the yield of a dimensional stone quarry. The full characterization of the fracturing in the quarries comes up as fundamental in the assessment of the in-situ blocks volume/shape and potential extracted raw blocks. Identify the joint sets present, their spacing and the differences across the quarry demands a continuous assess during the quarry live span. Information from unmanned aerial vehicles helps in the field survey, namely trough digital surface models, orthophotos, and three-dimensional models. Also, the fracturing modelling by specific software programs is crucial to improve the block size assessment and the increase the quarry yield. In this research fracturing of twenty-one quarries of granite, limestone, marble, and slate from Portugal were assessed by combining field surveys with new techniques. From the studied quarries several cases were selected and presented to highlight the importance of this combined methodology in the fracturing assessment and how they can be helpful in the maximization of the resources and quarry management.

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“…However, in some cases, like the marbles, the textural and colour heterogeneity enhances the visual quality of the material (Menningen et al 2018a). Regardless of the rock type the fracturing plays an important role in the definition of the available areas (Santos et al 2018), since in high fractured massifs is more difficult extracting commercial blocks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial to the topical collection in Environmental Earth Sciences “Stone in the architectural heritage: from quarry to monuments—environment, exploitation, properties and durability”

2018

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Granite resource evaluation: example of an extraction area in the north of Portugal

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Petrophysical properties of limestones: influence on behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications

Petrophysical properties of limestones: influence on behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications

Building stone quarries: resource evaluation by block modelling and unmanned aerial photogrammetric surveys

Editorial to the topical collection in Environmental Earth Sciences “Stone in the architectural heritage: from quarry to monuments—environment, exploitation, properties and durability”

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