“…Characterisation of solids motion has been studied in a variety of systems, for instance, visualization of circulating fluidized beds (Horio and Kuroki, 1994); mixing studies in drums (Santomaso et al, 2004(Santomaso et al, , 2005, granular flow and segregation in four-bladed mixer by Conway et al (2005); and solids motion studies in fluidized beds by Gera et al (1998) and Werther (1999). All these focus on the translational motion of the solids alone.…”