Grapefruit seed extract effectively inhibits the Candida albicans biofilms development on polymethyl methacrylate denture-base resin

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the cleansing effects of grapefruit seed extract (GSE) on biofilms of Candida albicans ( C . albicans ) formed on denture-base resin and the influence of GSE on the mechanical and surface characteristics of the resin. GSE solution diluted with distilled water to 0.1% (0.1% GSE) and 1% (1% GSE) and solutions with Polident® denture cleansing tablet dissolved in distilled water (Polident) or in 0.1% GSE solution (0.1% G+P) were prepared as cleansing solutions. Discs of acrylic resin were prepared, and the biofilm of C . albicans was formed on the discs. The discs with the biofilm were treated with each solution for 5 min at 25°C. After the treatment, the biofilm on the discs was analyzed using a colony forming unit (CFU) assay, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In order to assess the persistent cleansing effect, the discs treated with each solution for 5 min were aerobically incubated in Yeast Nitrogen Base medium for another 24 h. After incubation, the persistent effect was assessed by CFU assay. Some specimens of acrylic resin were immersed in each solution for 7 days, and changes in surface roughness (Ra), Vickers hardness (VH), flexural strength (FS), and flexural modulus (FM) were evaluated. As a result, the treatment with 1% GSE for 5 min almost completely eliminated the biofilm formed on the resin; whereas, the treatment with 0.1% GSE, Polident, and 0.1% G+P for 5 min showed a statistically significant inhibitory effect on biofilms. In addition, 0.1% GSE and 0.1% G+P exerted a persistent inhibitory effect on biofilms. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that Polident mainly induced the death of yeast, while the cleansing solutions containing at least 0.1% GSE induced the death of hyphae as well as yeast. SEM also revealed that Polident caused wrinkles, shrinkage, and some deep craters predominantly on the cell surfaces of yeast, while the solutions containing at least 0.1% GSE induced wrinkles, shrinkage, and some damage on cell surfaces of not only yeasts but also hyphae. No significant changes in Ra, VH, FS, or FM were observed after immersion in any of the solutions. Taken together, GSE solution is capable of cleansing C . albicans biofilms on denture-base resin and has a persistent inhibitory effect on biofilm development, without any deteriorations of resin surface.

Ozone ultrafine bubble water inhibits the early formation of Candida albicans biofilms

“…Cryopreserved C. albicans specimens (ATCC 18804) were seeded on a Sabouraud glucose agar plate (Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo) until C. albicans colonies formed. Colonies were picked using an inoculation loop, seeded into Tryptic soy broth supplemented with 5% dextrose (TSBD; Becton, Dickinson and Company, New Jersey, USA), and aerobically cultured on a shaker at 75 rpm and 30˚C for 5 h same as the previous reports [21,22]. Yeast cells in the mid-log phase were standardized at 10 6 cells/mL in a TSBD medium using a OneCell Counter (Bio Chemical Science, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Estratégias de desinfecção de Candida albicans e os seus efeitos em resinas acrílicas: Uma revisão integrativa

“…Em um estudo realizado por Badaró et al (2017), a solução de Ricinus communis a 10% promoveu a remissão da candidíase de pacientes, sendo indicada como solução desinfetante para os usuários de próteses. Extratos de Zataria multiflora, Salvia officinalis, Nigella sativa e semente de toranja possuem potencial antimicrobiano para promover a redução de C. albicans das superfícies de resinas acrílicas, sem propiciar alterações significativas no material (Ariamanesh et al, 2019;Jafari et al, 2015;Tsutsumi-Arai et al, 2019;Sookto et al, 2013). Todavia, um estudo realizado com extrato de Cinnamomum zeylanicum comprovando sua atividade antimicrobiana, promoveu alterações na rugosidade e dureza da resina acrílica (Oliveira et al, 2014).…”

Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Cytotoxicity of AgBr-NP@CTMAB Hybrid and Its Application in PMMA

“…The specimens were stored for 7 days, and the solutions were changed daily. 40 Color stability tested by stereomicroscopy (CMS; Leica Microsystems).…”