Grapefruit Seed Extracts’ Antibacterial and Antiviral Activity: Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Impact

Saaty, Afnan Hassan

doi:10.51847/rq6b89xgf9

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The results obtained for the phiX 174 bacteriophage are corroborated by previous results on this matter, since many studies have proved the activity of Citrus extracts against other types of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 [62], HSV-1 [63], and Lassa virus [64]. These results might be related to the presence of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds (e.g., hesperidin or tangeritin) within the lemon extract, since they have been reported to have antiviral activity against different viruses [50,64].…”

Section: Cytotoxicity Assessment On Ma-104 Cellssupporting

confidence: 86%

Formulation and Characterization of Non-Toxic, Antimicrobial, and Alcohol-Free Hand Sanitizer Nanoemulgel Based on Lemon Peel Extract

Ibrahim,

Shalaby,

El-Liethy

et al. 2024

Cosmetics

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Recently, hand sanitization has gained attention for preventing disease transmission. Many on-the-market convenient dermal sanitizers contain alcohol, which can be detrimental to the skin. Therefore, three nanoemulgel formulations (LN-F1, LN-F2, LN-F3) incorporating lemon peel extract (LE), and with various increasing concentrations of xanthan gum as a gelling agent and stabilizer, were developed and characterized as a novel alternative. All formulations showed non-Newtonian shear-thinning flow behavior, particle size values below 200 nm, and increasing zeta potential with higher xanthan gum concentrations. All nanoemulgel formulations exhibited greater in vitro phenolic compound release than free LE. LN-F2 (1.0% LE, 20.0% mineral oil, 20.0% Span 80, 4.0% Cremophor RH 40, 4.0% PEG 400, 0.5% xanthan gum, 50.5% dH2O) was selected as the optimal formulation due to improved characteristics. LE and LN-F2 potential cytotoxicity was assessed on MA-104, showing no significant cellular morphological alterations up to 10 mg/mL for both samples. LN-F2 showed in vitro antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and C. albicans, as well as antiviral activity against phiX 174, but no effect against rotavirus (SA-11). In vivo, LN-F2 presented a removal capacity of 83% to 100% for bacteria and 89% to 100% for fungi. These findings suggest that the formulated nanoemulgel holds potential as a safe and effective antiseptic, providing a viable alternative to commercial alcohol-based formulations.

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Section: Cytotoxicity Assessment On Ma-104 Cellssupporting

confidence: 86%

Formulation and Characterization of Non-Toxic, Antimicrobial, and Alcohol-Free Hand Sanitizer Nanoemulgel Based on Lemon Peel Extract

Ibrahim,

Shalaby,

El-Liethy

et al. 2024

Cosmetics

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show abstract

“…During this period (and before to a lesser extent) the patient was taking 2000 to 6000 IU of vitamin D [17,18,20,21,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], 1000-3000 IU of Vitamin C [17,[36][37][38][39][40], 100-200mg of zinc tablets [41], four resveratrol tablets [42][43][44] daily that each included 200 mg red wine extract (30% polyphenols), 200mg red wine powder, 200mg Japanese knotweed extract, and 100 mg grape seed extract [45]; 2000mg, vitamin C [17,[36][37][38][39][40]; 45mcg of vitamin K 2 [46,47]; multivitamins that included a total of 2400mcg of vitamin A [17,20,[48][49][50][51], 150mg of vitamin C, 800 IU of vitamin D, 27mg of vitamin E [17,36,52], 10mg of vitamin B-6 [17,53], 800mcg of folic acid [53], 30mcg of vitamin B-12 [35,53], 1200mcg of biotin …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily Response of Vital Signs to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Study of an Unvaccinated 70-Year-Old Male with Type II Diabetes Treated with Monoclonal Antibodies and Selected Supplements

Schumm

2023

AJBSR

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In much of the current scientific literature on COVID-19, potential treatments are studied singly or in combination with two or three other items. Treatment options for unvaccinated individuals at high risk for COVID-related complications and mortality have improved but may still be limited for remote locations. A case study of an unvaccinated older male with co-morbidities at higher risk for COVID-19 related mortality is used to illustrate possible solutions to some of the issues. His vital signs, including O 2 saturation, breathing rate, heart rate variability, night skin temperature, and resting heart rate, were monitored for 30 days before and after COVID-19 infection, providing more individual details than available in most studies to date. Supplements may have limited his vulnerability to COVID-19 while monoclonal antibodies led to rapid improvement in multiple vital signs. Tests for COVID-19 may not detect the earliest stages of COVID infection as fever levels increased before the patient tested positive for COVID-19.

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An Alternative Approach to Validate the Cleaning Efficiency of a Skin Cleansing Wipe

Marisa,

Shadrach,

Holohan

et al. 2024

Cosmetics

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A key functionality for cleansing wipes is their efficiency in removing dirt and microbial contamination from the skin to safe or non-detectable levels, traditionally determined using the gravimetric method, which has been reported to be prone to experimental errors. This study evaluates the efficiency of a water-based cleansing wipe, WaterWipes® (WaterWipes, UC, Drogheda, Ireland), for removing synthetic faecal matter (FecloneTM, SiliClone Creations LLC, Havertown, PA, United States) and Escherichia coli (NCTC 10538) from volunteers’ skin, the former using a dermal analytical device called the Antera 3DTM camera (Miravex Ltd., Dublin, Ireland), and the latter using standard microbiological methods. FecloneTM was applied to participants’ forearms and the Antera 3DTM camera captured detailed images of the skin surface before and after wiping. The Antera 3DTM camera approach was found to be effective in measuring cleaning efficiency, with the wipe removing all detectable traces of the FecloneTM applied. The total pore area (mm2), pore count, and total pore volume (mm3) in test participants post-wiping were observed to be reduced on average by 39.05%, 34.39%, and 39.98%, respectively. The wipe removed 99.99% of E. coli (NCTC 10538) applied, as measured using the microbial plate count method. In conclusion, the Antera 3DTM camera method was observed to be effective in evaluating removal of topically applied FecloneTM.

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Grapefruit Seed Extracts’ Antibacterial and Antiviral Activity: Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Impact

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Formulation and Characterization of Non-Toxic, Antimicrobial, and Alcohol-Free Hand Sanitizer Nanoemulgel Based on Lemon Peel Extract

Formulation and Characterization of Non-Toxic, Antimicrobial, and Alcohol-Free Hand Sanitizer Nanoemulgel Based on Lemon Peel Extract

Daily Response of Vital Signs to COVID-19 Infection: A Case Study of an Unvaccinated 70-Year-Old Male with Type II Diabetes Treated with Monoclonal Antibodies and Selected Supplements

An Alternative Approach to Validate the Cleaning Efficiency of a Skin Cleansing Wipe

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