Graphene-like two-dimensional layered nanomaterials: applications in biosensors and nanomedicine

Abstract

The development of nanotechnology provides promising opportunities for various important applications. The recent discovery of atomically-thick two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials can offer manifold perspectives to construct versatile devices with high-performance to satisfy multiple requirements. Many studies directed at graphene have stimulated renewed interest on graphene-like 2D layered nanomaterials (GLNs). GLNs including boron nitride nanosheets, graphitic-carbon nitride nanosheets and transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g. MoS2 and WS2) have attracted significant interest in numerous research fields from physics and chemistry to biology and engineering, which has led to numerous interdisciplinary advances in nano science. Benefiting from the unique physical and chemical properties (e.g. strong mechanical strength, high surface area, unparalleled thermal conductivity, remarkable biocompatibility and ease of functionalization), these 2D layered nanomaterials have shown great potential in biochemistry and biomedicine. This review summarizes recent advances of GLNs in applications of biosensors and nanomedicine, including electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, bioimaging, drug delivery and cancer therapy. Current challenges and future perspectives in these rapidly developing areas are also outlined. It is expected that they will have great practical foundation in biomedical applications with future efforts.

SERS property of Co complex on boron nitride nanosheets/silver nanoparticles aggregates and photophysical characterisation of interactions among Co complex ion-exchanged within zirconium phosphate

“…Two-dimensional nanomaterials have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique properties and potential applications [1][2][3][4]. Boron nitride nanomaterials are reported to be promising nanoscale building blocks of new functional composite materials.…”

Two-dimensional non-carbonaceous materials-enabled efficient photothermal cancer therapy

“…Moreover, TMDCs with unprecedented physiochemical property were demonstrated to be effective in biosensing areas [77,86,96,97]. Therefore, TMDCs represent a new 2D nanosystem for efficient tumor hyperthermia and other specific theranostic biomedical applications [98][99][100][101].…”

Graphene-like 2D nanomaterial-based biointerfaces for biosensing applications

“…The novel bio/nano systems have inspired us to explore other graphene-like 2D nanomaterials that possess similar layered structure features but unprecedented properties. To date, the 2D material-based functional nanostructured biointerfaces have been constructed, where various analytical approaches such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and different electrochemical methods were utilized to fabricate different types of analytical devices (Ratinac et al 2011;Yang et al 2015;Zhu et al 2015). Scheme 1.…”