Graphene Oxide Papers Modified by Divalent Ions—Enhancing Mechanical Properties <i>via</i> Chemical Cross-Linking

Park, Sung Jin; Lee, Kyoung Seok; Bozoklu, Gülay; Cai, Weiwei; Nguyen, SonBinh T.; Ruoff, Rodney S.

doi:10.1021/nn700349a

Cited by 1,669 publications

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“…The suspension was stable and the colour of the suspension was unchanged by the treatment. A paperlike material was prepared by filtration of the resulting suspension as previously reported 35,36 , and this material was used for XPS measurements. SSNMR measurements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining vapour-treated samples were reduced with thermal annealing at 750 °C in a CVD chamber under H 2 flow (100 sccm) for 5 min. Paper-like materials of reduced graphene oxide were prepared by simple filtration as previously reported 35,36 . Thermal annealing of the paper sample was done under Ar flow for 12 h at 500 °C.…”

Section: Xps Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the SSNMR spectra of the unlabelled hydrazine-treated graphene oxide showed a limited signal-to-noise ratio and broad signals, XPS was measured on two groups of unlabelled hydrazine-treated graphene oxide samples: graphene oxide platelets in homogeneous colloidal suspensions that were treated with hydrazine and then vacuum filtered to create free-standing 'paper-like' materials 35,36 , and a film composed of graphene oxide platelets spin-coated on glass and then treated with hydrazine vapour. In both cases we observed similar N1s spectra indicating pyrazole moieties, as shown in Figure 4.…”

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Chemical structures of hydrazine-treated graphene oxide and generation of aromatic nitrogen doping

et al. 2012

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Chemically modified graphene platelets, produced via graphene oxide, show great promise in a variety of applications due to their electrical, thermal, barrier and mechanical properties. understanding the chemical structures of chemically modified graphene platelets will aid in the understanding of their physical properties and facilitate development of chemically modified graphene platelet chemistry. Here we use 13 C and 15 n solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study the chemical structure of 15 nlabelled hydrazine-treated 13 C-labelled graphite oxide and unlabelled hydrazine-treated graphene oxide, respectively. These experiments suggest that hydrazine treatment of graphene oxide causes insertion of an aromatic n 2 moiety in a five-membered ring at the platelet edges and also restores graphitic networks on the basal planes. Furthermore, density-functional theory calculations support the formation of such n 2 structures at the edges and help to elucidate the influence of the aromatic n 2 moieties on the electronic structure of chemically modified graphene platelets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Xps Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical structures of hydrazine-treated graphene oxide and generation of aromatic nitrogen doping

et al. 2012

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“…Divalent metal ions such as Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ and Cu 2+ are known to readily react with carboxylate functional groups typically located at the edges of GO sheets. [31] This chemical interaction can then result in mechanical enhancement of the final architecture. It is expected that these ions can readily diffuse into the core of the fibers resulting in exceptional cross-linking within the fiber.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable One‐Step Wet‐Spinning of Graphene Fibers and Yarns from Liquid Crystalline Dispersions of Graphene Oxide: Towards Multifunctional Textiles

Jalili

Aboutalebi

Esrafilzadeh

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

387

426

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. (2013). Scalable one-step wet-spinning of graphene fibers and yarns from liquid crystalline dispersions of graphene oxide: towards multifunctional textiles. Advanced Functional Materials, 23 (43), 5345-5354.Scalable one-step wet-spinning of graphene fibers and yarns from liquid crystalline dispersions of graphene oxide: towards multifunctional textiles AbstractKey points in the formation of liquid crystalline (LC) dispersions of graphene oxide (GO) and their processability via wet-spinning to produce long lengths of micrometer-dimensional fibers and yarns are addressed. Based on rheological and polarized optical microscopy investigations, a rational relation between GO sheet size and polydispersity, concentration, liquid crystallinity, and spinnability is proposed, leading to an understanding of lyotropic LC behavior and fiber spinnability. The knowledge gained from the straightforward formulation of LC GO "inks" in a range of processable concentrations enables the spinning of continuous conducting, strong, and robust fibers at concentrations as low as 0.075 wt%, eliminating the need for relatively concentrated spinning dope dispersions. The dilute LC GO dispersion is proven to be suitable for fiber spinning using a number of coagulation strategies, including non-solvent precipitation, dispersion destabilization, ionic cross-linking, and polyelectrolyte complexation. One-step continuous spinning of graphene fibers and yarns is introduced for the first time by in situ spinning of LC GO in basic coagulation baths (i.e., NaOH or KOH), eliminating the need for post-treatment processes. The thermal conductivity of these graphene fibers is found to be much higher than polycrystalline graphite and other types of 3D carbon based materials. New insights are provided into the processing of liquid crystalline graphene oxide (GO) dispersion (containing large GO sheets) demonstrating a facile and scalable production of GO and reduced GO fibers and yarns with exciting properties such as high thermal conductivity. These results provide a universal platform for the development of solution-based processing methods, properties, and applications of liquid crystalline GO-based architectures. AbstractIn the present work, we address key points in the formation of liquid crystalline (LC) dispersions of graphene oxide (GO) and their processability via wet-spinning to produce long lengths of micron dimensional fibers and yarns. Based on rheological and polarized optical microscopy investigations, a rational relation between GO sheet size and polydispersity, concentration, liquid crystallinity and spinnability is proposed leading to the understanding of 2 lyotropic LC behavior and fiber spinnability. The knowledge gained from our straightforward formulation of LC GO "inks" in a range of processable concentrations enabled us to spin continuous conducting, strong and robust fibres at concentrations as low as 0.075 wt. % eliminating the need for relatively concentrated spinning dope dispersions. This concentration is the lowest ever rep...

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“…A number of multivalent ions, such as Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Co 2+ , show similar behavior on the improvement of interface interactions of nacre-like nanocomposite films. [81,82] 3D bulk materials also demonstrate the superiority of bioinspired strategies. For example, Yeom et al [66] explored the intrinsic structure of natural tooth enamel and prepared abiotic tooth enamel.…”

Section: Wwwadvmatde Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Nanocomposites Inspired by Nature

2017

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Over the eons of evolutionary time, natural materials, including nacre, bone, lobster cuticle, and many others, developed delicate multiscale structures demonstrating outstanding properties. These natural materials provide endless inspiration for the fabrication of novel bioinspired structural materials. Extensive research has revealed the mechanism responsible for natural materials' properties and shows that high-performance structural materials could be fabricated via bioinspired strategies. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] With the quest to develop novel bioinspired materials, it is essential to refine some basic scientific principles that can guide bioinspired fabrication.Recent research has indicated that the amplification of natural materials' mechanical properties far beyond those of the components that comprise them originates mainly from: i) a hierarchical micro-/nanoscale architecture and ii) abundant effective interface interactions. Here, we follow the roadmap of "discovery, invention, and creation," as shown in Figure 1, to give insight into the development of bioinspired structural materials. In the "discovery" section, natural materials are described as a source of inspiration. Bioinspired nanocomposites can be invented to mimic or even to surpass natural materials' attributes, as described in the "invention" section. We illustrate how the basic principles could work for bioinspired nanocomposites with different building blocks and fabrication approaches. Finally, in the "creation" section, we review novel multifunctional nanocomposites with properties that natural materials rarely possess. To provide a vision and inspiration for future research, we conclude with our perspectives on new and promising directions in the field, along with problems remaining to be solved. Discovery: Natural Materials Orderly Hierarchical ArchitecturesNatural materials are made at ambient temperatures from a relatively small number of ingredients that exhibit rather meager properties. Almost all of them are composites with orderly hierarchical architectures that arrest crack propagation, thus preventing catastrophic failure. Insight into the architecture of a typical natural material is the key to understanding the superiority of the biomimetic strategy for making novel synthetic materials.Natural materials, including nacre, bone, and the lobster cuticle, exhibit excellent mechanical properties, combining high strength and toughness. Such materials have the added benefit of being light in weight. These advantageous features are due to such natural materials' orderly hierarchical architectures and abundant interface interactions. How to utilize these design principles created by nature to fabricate high-performance bioinspired nanocomposites remains a great research challenge. A logical roadmap for developing these nanocomposites can be described as "discovery, invention, and creation." Here, the discovery of the relationship between natural materials' design principles and such materials' extraordinary mechanical proper...

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Graphene Oxide Papers Modified by Divalent Ions—Enhancing Mechanical Properties via Chemical Cross-Linking

Cited by 1,669 publications

References 25 publications

Chemical structures of hydrazine-treated graphene oxide and generation of aromatic nitrogen doping

Chemical structures of hydrazine-treated graphene oxide and generation of aromatic nitrogen doping

Scalable One‐Step Wet‐Spinning of Graphene Fibers and Yarns from Liquid Crystalline Dispersions of Graphene Oxide: Towards Multifunctional Textiles

High‐Performance Nanocomposites Inspired by Nature

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