Graphene Oxide/Polymer‐Based Biomaterials

Abstract

Since its discovery in 2004, derivatives of graphene have been developed and heavily investigated in the field of tissue engineering. Among the most extensively studied forms of graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and GO/ polymer-based nanocomposites have attracted great attention in various forms such as films, 3D porous scaffolds, electrospun mats, hydrogels, and nacre-like structures. In this review, the most actively investigated GO/ polymer nanocomposites are presented and discussed, these nanocomposites are based on chitosan, cellulose, starch, alginate, gellan gum, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(acrylamide), poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLLA), poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), gelatin, collagen, and silk fibroin (SF). The biological and mechanical performance of such nanocomposites are comprehensively scrutinized and ongoing research questions are addressed. The analysis of the literature reveals overall the great potential of GO/ polymer nanocomposites in tissue engineering strategies and indicates also a series of challenges requiring further research efforts.

3D‐Printed Multilayered Reinforced Material System for Gas Supply in CubeSats and Small Satellites

“…[33][34][35][36][37] Figure 7 shows a representative design of the proposed printed Ti tank for a small (1U) CubeSat being currently developed by our team. For example, the level of pressure and, hence, the mass of the stored propellant gas that the printed post-treated reinforced polymer tanks can accommodate may be lower as compared with the printed titanium tanks reinforced with, e.g., carbon fibers.…”

Fabrication of silk fibroin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/graphene oxide microfiber mat via electrospinning for protective fabric

“…Graphene oxide (GO) is a single layer of carbon atoms having functional hydroxyl, epoxide, diol, and carbonyl groups [29][30][31]. These functional groups endow some unique properties to graphene oxide, such as excellent hydrophilicity, dispersibility and biocompatibility [32][33][34]. GO with a higher specific surface area and abundant functional groups has wide applications in cell adhesion, reinforcing material and antibacterial activity [35,36].…”

Multiscale simulation of the interlaminar failure of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced fibers laminate composite materials

“…GNPs have shown exceptional physical and thermomechanical properties, a high surface/volume ratio, as well as lower filler content, which make GNPs a promising candidate for developing the next‐generation of polymer composites. In addition, graphene‐related materials increase the stiffness, toughness, thermal conductivity, electrical performances, and mechanical behavior of polymer resins by a large margin …”