Graphene oxide synthesis using a top–down approach and discrete characterization techniques: a holistic review

Anwar, Abdullah; Chang, Ta‐Peng; Chen, Chun-Tao

doi:10.1007/s42823-021-00272-z

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 270 publications

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“…1(a) shows that there is a layered structure in the charcoal powder from the coconut shell. According to the results of previously published studies, it is one of the morphological characteristics of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) [18][19][20]. In this study, structure and phase analysis using XRD with an angle range of 2θ from 5-60°, with the diffraction pattern obtained as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Optical Absorbance of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells in Different Solvents for Film Preparation

Sudarsono

Sholih

Faridawati

et al. 2023

MSF

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Graphene-based materials have been widely developed in various applications, both in electronics and optoelectronics. It is because of their attractive characteristics, such as flexible structure, large surface area, and excellent thermal, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties. In this research, the optical absorbance of coconut shell-based carbon materials was studied in the exfoliation process and the type of solvent. To determine the effect of optical absorption and particle size of graphene carbon from coconut shells on solvents, we used two types of solvents, namely Deionized (DI) water and a mixture of DMSO and DI (DMSO/DI) with a fraction of 1:10. The exfoliation process is carried out by dissolving graphene powder from coconut shell powder that has been synthesized and heated at 400°C into DI water and DMSO/DI mixture with a concentration of 0.01 g/ml. Ultrasonication is carried out with time variations of 60, 180, 300, and 420 minutes. After ultrasonication for 420 minutes, the absorbance peak was at 241 nm with an average particle size of 134 nm in the solvent DMSO/DI mixture. For the DI solvent, the absorbance peak was at 243 nm with an average particle size of 198 nm. This study showed that the DMSO/DI mixed solvent with a fraction of 1:10 could produce a smaller average particle size than the DI solvent, but the absorbance spectrum is less clear at a wavelength of less than 240 nm compared to the DI water. Furthermore, these two solvents can be used to prepare graphenic carbon films from coconut shells because they are easy to obtain, cheap, and can reduce particle size by ultrasonication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Optical Absorbance of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells in Different Solvents for Film Preparation

Sudarsono

Sholih

Faridawati

et al. 2023

MSF

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“…The single layer GN sheet was almost transparent with an optical absorption of 2.5% and the approximate estimation of the number of layers could be made by measuring the optical absorbance. Apart from this, Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were also used for the estimation of the number of layers [55,56]. Other techniques such as photoexfoliation, anodic bonding, and laser ablation are also examples of dry exfoliation methodology.…”

Section: Exfoliation Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Applications for Human Welfare

Ahmad

Ansari

2022

Nanomaterials

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Graphene (GN)-related nanomaterials such as graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, quantum dots, etc., and their composites have attracted significant interest owing to their efficient antimicrobial properties and thus newer GN-based composites are being readily developed, characterized, and explored for clinical applications by scientists worldwide. The GN offers excellent surface properties, i.e., a large surface area, pH sensitivity, and significant biocompatibility with the biological system. In recent years, GN has found applications in tissue engineering owing to its impressive stiffness, mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and the ability to innovate in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) design. It also offers a photothermic effect that potentiates the targeted killing of cells via physicochemical interactions. It is generally synthesized by physical and chemical methods and is characterized by modern and sophisticated analytical techniques such as NMR, Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, etc. A lot of reports show the successful conjugation of GN with existing repurposed drugs, which improves their therapeutic efficacy against many microbial infections and also its potential application in drug delivery. Thus, in this review, the antimicrobial potentialities of GN-based nanomaterials, their synthesis, and their toxicities in biological systems are discussed.

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“…FTIR analysis helps in identifying specic functional groups, and TEM enables visualization of the morphology and layer structure of GO. 120,[137][138][139][140] The electrochemical properties of GO are of utmost importance for its SC applications. The surface area and porosity signicantly affect the charge storage capacity.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Go For Sc Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, techniques for the synthesis of GO can be broadly categorized into two main approaches: top-down approaches and bottom-up approaches. 120–122 Top-down approaches focus on the generation of graphene layers by breaking down and exfoliating graphite bulks. These methods involve the mechanical or chemical exfoliation of graphite to obtain individual graphene layers.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Go For Sc Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in energy storage with graphene oxide for supercapacitor technology

Mousavi,

Hashemi,

Kalashgrani

et al. 2023

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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Graphene oxide synthesis using a top–down approach and discrete characterization techniques: a holistic review

Cited by 25 publications

References 270 publications

Optical Absorbance of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells in Different Solvents for Film Preparation

Optical Absorbance of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells in Different Solvents for Film Preparation

Antimicrobial Activity of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Applications for Human Welfare

Recent advances in energy storage with graphene oxide for supercapacitor technology

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