Graphene quantum dot (GOD) synthesis: A review of the methods, challenges and future prospects

Abstract

Highlights• GQD, the newest member of the carbonaceous materials, is under the research spotlight.• GQDs can significantly improve the performance of numerous applications.• A multitude of methods are used to synthesize, characterize, and optimize GQDs.• New approaches should be innovated, and existing should be optimized for GQD synthesis.• Synthesis techniques, challenges, and future directions of GQD research are reviewed.