Graphene quantum dots for energy storage and conversion: from fabrication to applications

Abstract

We summarized the progress in the synthesis, doping and modification strategies of GQDs and the development and application of GQDs in energy storage and conversion devices.

Progress in the functional modification of graphene/graphene oxide: a review

“…Nowadays, there are numerous methods for the preparation of graphene, but the main preparation methods include mechanical stripping, liquid phase stripping, chemical vapor deposition, epitaxial growth and redox methods. 11 Recently, signicant research has been conducted on graphene quantum dots, [12][13][14] and carbon doped with other elements, molecules or organic materials. [15][16][17][18] Compared with graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO) has the advantages of low production cost, large-scale production, and easy processing.…”

Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Electroluminescence of N‐Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Fabricated from an Electrochemical Exfoliation Process in Nitrogen‐Containing Electrolytes

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Due to their tunable photoluminescence, high stability, and low toxicity,G QDs have numerous applications in aw ide variety of research areas ranging from bioimaging, sensors, energy storage, photovoltaics, to catalysis. [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] GQDs have av ery high surface area to volume ratio, which allows their surfaces to be readily functionalized with variouso rganic or biological species, further increasing their versatility. [13] Heteroatom doping involves the addition of one or more novel elements into the GQD lattice, permitting the tuning of many physical and structural properties.…”

Applications of Carbon Dots in Next‐generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Utilization of CDs is an effective strategy to solve many issues owing to their various surface functional groups, multiple element doping structures, natural defects and edges on their large surface area, and high reactivity due to numerous dangling bonds on CDs surfaces. [28][29][30][31][32] For example, electric conductivity could be elevated by incorporation of CDs to form a composite anode material and thus result in improved rate performance. [33] A diversity of elements can be doped into CDs to form hetero structures to provide excellent interfaces for intercalations between electrode materials and electrolytes, enhancing the reversibility of intercalation reactions; [34] CDs play a protective role in accommodating the volume change during Li alloying/ de-alloying, resulting in dramatically improved reversible capacity and cycling stability.…”

“…As above mentioned, those inorganic materials require modifications to overcome their respective inherent defects when employed as anode materials of LIBs. Utilization of CDs is an effective strategy to solve many issues owing to their various surface functional groups, multiple element doping structures, natural defects and edges on their large surface area, and high reactivity due to numerous dangling bonds on CDs surfaces . For example, electric conductivity could be elevated by incorporation of CDs to form a composite anode material and thus result in improved rate performance .…”