Grassland Phenology Response to Climate Conditions in Biobio, Chile from 2001 to 2020

Doussoulin, Marcelo; Porras, Fernando Pérez; Triviño-Tarradas, Paula; Mesa, Andrés Felipe Ríos; García-Ferrer, Alfonso; Mesas‐Carrascosa, Francisco Javier

doi:10.3390/rs14030475

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Some studies have reported that rising temperatures could cause the growth season in cold regions to advance [9,10], while others have reported delays in the growing season in warm regions [11,12]. Plants in regions with higher latitudes exhibit greater sensitivity to alterations in temperature compared to those located at mid or low latitudes [13][14][15][16]. Moreover, SOS has different temperature requirements for different seasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Sensitivity of Phenology to Seasonal Climate Differences in Temperate Grasslands of China Based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Wei,

Xu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Land

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The affiliation between vegetation phenology and seasonal climate (start and end times of the growing season, or SOS and EOS) provides a basis for acquiring insight into the dynamic response of terrestrial ecosystems to the effects of climate change. Although climate warming is an important factor affecting the advancement or delay of plant phenology, understanding the sensitivity of phenology to seasonal variation in climate factors (e.g., local air temperature, precipitation) is generally lacking under different climate backgrounds. In this study, we investigated the interannual variability of grassland phenology and its spatial variation in temperate regions of China based on satellite-derived products for the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and weather data acquired from 2001 to 2020. We found that due to differences in local climate conditions, the effects of seasonal warming and precipitation on phenology were divergent or even opposite during the 20 years. The sensitivities of the start of growing season (SOS) to both spring temperature and last-winter precipitation was controlled by mean annual precipitation in terms of spatial variation. The SOS in the semi-humid (200–400 mm) region was most sensitive to spring temperature, advancing 5.24 days for each 1 °C rise in the average spring temperature (p < 0.05), while it was most sensitive to last-winter precipitation in arid regions (<200 mm), with SOS advancing up to 2.23 days for every 1 mm increase in the last-winter precipitation (p < 0.05). The end of growing season (EOS) was sensitive to autumn temperature, being delayed 10.13 days for each 1 °C rise in the average autumn temperature in regions with temperatures between −10 °C and −5 °C (p < 0.05). The uncertainty in the determination of the EOS could conceivably be greater than the determination of the SOS due to the dual effects of pre-autumn climate and growth constraints induced by declining fall temperatures. The effect of atmospheric warming on grassland phenology was lessened with increased atmospheric and soil aridity, suggesting that the interaction of regional drought and climate warming is an important source for local-to-regional differences and uncertainties in grass phenological response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Sensitivity of Phenology to Seasonal Climate Differences in Temperate Grasslands of China Based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Wei,

Xu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Land

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“…After applying the Savitzky-Golay filter [52] in TIMESAT, a seasonality parameter per year was chosen, representing a phenological cycle with a start and end level of 20% of the seasonal amplitude. This threshold value was used in several studies and is known to be accurate in registering the plant's phenological transitions [53][54][55][56][57][58]. The four phenological metrics are shown in boxplot graphics for each ecoregion studied and used for correlations with environmental drivers.…”

Section: Phenological Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing Phenology of the Brazilian Caatinga and Its Environmental Drivers

et al. 2022

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The Caatinga is the largest nucleus of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) in the Neotropics. The leafing patterns of SDTF vegetation are adapted to the current environmental and climate variability, but the impacts of climate change tend to alter plants’ phenology. Thus, it is necessary to characterise phenological parameters and evaluate the relationship between vegetation and environmental drivers. From this information, it is possible to identify the dominant forces in the environment that trigger the phenological dynamics of the Caatinga. In this way, remote sensing represents an essential tool to investigate the phenology of vegetation, particularly as it has a long series of vegetation monitoring and allows relationships with different environmental drivers. This study has two objectives: (i) estimate phenological parameters using an Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time-series over 20 years, and (ii) characterise the relationship between phenologic dynamics and environmental drivers. TIMESAT software was used to determine four phenological parameters: Start Of Season (SOS), End Of Season (EOS), Length Of Season (LOS), and Amplitude (AMPL). Boxplots, Pearson’s, and partial correlation coefficients defined relationships between phenologic dynamics and environmental drivers. The non-parametric test of Fligner–Killeen was used to test the interannual variability in SOS and EOS. Our results show that the seasonality of vegetation growth in the Caatinga was different in the three experimental sites. The SOS was the parameter that presented the greatest variability in the days of the year (DOY), reaching a variation of 117 days. The sites with the highest SOS variability are the same ones that showed the lowest EOS variation. In addition, the values of LOS and AMPL are directly linked to the annual distribution of rainfall, and the longer the rainy season, the greater their values are. The variability of the natural cycles of the environmental drivers that regulate the ecosystem’s phenology and the influence on the Caatinga’s natural dynamics indicated a greater sensitivity of the phenologic dynamics to water availability, with precipitation being the limiting factor of the phenologic dynamics. Highlights: The EVI time series was efficient in estimating phenological parameters. The high variability of the start of season (SOS) occurred in sites with low variability of end of the season (EOS) and vice versa. The precipitation and water deficit presented a higher correlation coefficient with phenological dynamics. Length of Season (LOS) and amplitude (AMPL) are directly linked to the annual distribution of rainfall.

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“…Firstly, it is labor- and time-intensive, necessitating both fixed-point and species-specific observations. Secondly, the coverage of ground observation sites is often restricted [ 10 ], particularly in challenging environments such as alpine tundra and arid deserts [ 11 ]. Finally, the lack of a standardized protocol for ground observations leads to variations in phenological definitions among observers, thus impeding data exchange and harmonization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of the Start Date of the Vegetation Growing Season (SOS) and Its Climatic Drivers in the Tibetan Plateau

Tang,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Plants

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Climate change inevitably affects vegetation growth in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Understanding the dynamics of vegetation phenology and the responses of vegetation phenology to climate change are crucial for evaluating the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. Despite many relevant studies conducted in the past, there still remain research gaps concerning the dominant factors that induce changes in the start date of the vegetation growing season (SOS). In this study, the spatial and temporal variations of the SOS were investigated by using a long-term series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) spanning from 2001 to 2020, and the response of the SOS to climate change and the predominant climatic factors (air temperature, LST or precipitation) affecting the SOS were explored. The main findings were as follows: the annual mean SOS concentrated on 100 DOY–170 DOY (day of a year), with a delay from east to west. Although the SOS across the entire region exhibited an advancing trend at a rate of 0.261 days/year, there were notable differences in the advancement trends of SOS among different vegetation types. In contrast to the current advancing SOS, the trend of future SOS changes shows a delayed trend. For the impacts of climate change on the SOS, winter Tmax (maximum temperature) played the dominant role in the temporal shifting of spring phenology across the TP, and its effect on SOS was negative, meaning that an increase in winter Tmax led to an earlier SOS. Considering the different conditions required for the growth of various types of vegetation, the leading factor was different for the four vegetation types. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanism of SOS variation in the TP.

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Grassland Phenology Response to Climate Conditions in Biobio, Chile from 2001 to 2020

Cited by 15 publications

References 100 publications

Exploring Sensitivity of Phenology to Seasonal Climate Differences in Temperate Grasslands of China Based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Exploring Sensitivity of Phenology to Seasonal Climate Differences in Temperate Grasslands of China Based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Remote Sensing Phenology of the Brazilian Caatinga and Its Environmental Drivers

Variation of the Start Date of the Vegetation Growing Season (SOS) and Its Climatic Drivers in the Tibetan Plateau

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