Gray and white matter correlates of the Big Five personality traits

Privado, Jesús; Román, Francisco J.; Saénz-Urturi, Carlota; Burgaleta, Miguel; Colom, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.039

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Another reason our results may be inconsistent with studies of adults (Bjornebekk et al, 2013;Privado et al, 2017;Xu & Potenza, 2012) is methodological. Those studies, with the exception of one (Privado et al, 2017), used whole brain diffusion analyses, while our study used an a priori probabilistic tractography approach. A priori probabilistic tractography has an advantage over whole brain voxelwise methods in that it reduces likelihood of Type I error and can measure the average FA of an entire tract, rather than a cluster of voxels.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…However, it is noteworthy that the structural correlates of neuroticism, conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness to experience were largely dissimilar to what has been reported in adults (Bjornebekk et al, 2013;Privado, Roman, Saenz-Urturi, Burgaleta, & Colom, 2017;Xu & Potenza, 2012), and thus the lack of replication of adult literature could have potential developmental insights about changing associations between personality and physiological measures. In adolescence, white matter tract development is initially microstructural, with axonal myelination occurring more proximally to adulthood (Moura et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Structural correlates of the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala and personality in female adolescents

et al. 2019

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The five‐factor model consists of cognitive‐affective‐behavioral trait dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness) that are central to models of psychopathology. In adults, individual differences in three of the Big Five traits, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness, have been linked to structural morphology and connectivity of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the amygdala, two brain regions critically involved in affective and regulatory processing. It is unclear whether these associations manifest in adolescence, a critical neurodevelopmental period during which many forms of psychiatric illness emerge. A total of 223 adolescent girls (ages 14–16 years) completed a multimodal neuroimaging study that utilized T1‐weighted structural MRI (e.g., cortical thickness and volume) and tractography‐based diffusion tensor imaging (64‐direction). Cortical thickness and volume were extracted from the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and amygdala and tractography‐based fractional anisotropy was computed in the uncinate fasciculus (UF; the white matter tract connecting the OFC to the temporal lobe). We found that high neuroticism was associated with less mOFC volume (bilateral), and low conscientiousness was associated with higher white matter integrity in the UF, more amygdala volume, and less mOFC thickness (right hemisphere). Extraversion was not observed to share associations with OFC markers. These OFC‐amygdala structural correlations to personality do not match those reported in adult samples. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques can help to clarify the underpinnings of personality development between adolescence and adulthood.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Structural correlates of the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala and personality in female adolescents

et al. 2019

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“…Among the identified studies included in the review, 11 studies were excluded from the meta-analysis due to the use of other brain structure analysis methods, such as surface-based morphometry (SBM) (Bjornebekk et al, 2013;Gray et al, 2018;Jackson et al, 2011;Privado et al, 2017;Rauch et al, 2005;Riccelli et al, 2017;Wright et al, 2006;Wright et al, 2007) and manual drawing (Onitsuka et al, 2005), and failure to report peak coordinates (Kunz et al, 2017;Montag et al, 2013). Additionally, three VBM studies were excluded for reporting only ROI results (Blankstein et al, 2009;Kong, Hu, et al, 2015;Kong, Wei, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Included Studies and Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, a large number of studies have used structural magnetic resonance imaging (S-MRI) to investigate associations between extraversion and gray matter (GM) structures, including GM volume (GMV), cortical thickness (CT), cortical surface area (CSA), and cortical folding (CF) (e.g., Bjornebekk et al, 2013;Coutinho, Sampaio, Ferreira, Soares, & Goncalves, 2013;Cremers et al, 2011;Forsman, de Manzano, Karabanov, Madison, & Ullen, 2012;Grodin & White, 2015;Lu et al, 2014;Nostro, Muller, Reid, & Eickhoff, 2017;Omura, Todd Constable, & Canli, 2005;Privado, Roman, Saenz-Urturi, Burgaleta, & Colom, 2017;Riccelli, Toschi, Nigro, Terracciano, & Passamonti, 2017;Wright et al, 2006;Wright, Feczko, Dickerson, & Williams, 2007). On the other hand, several investigations based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have explored the white matter (WM) substrates of extraversion (Booth et al, 2014;Gurrera et al, 2007;McIntosh et al, 2013;Pang et al, 2018;Privado et al, 2017;Xu & Potenza, 2012). However, the findings are fairly inconsistent across studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain gray matter correlates of extraversion: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of voxel‐based morphometry studies

Lai

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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Extraversion is a fundamental personality dimension closely related to an individual's life outcomes and mental health. Although an increasing number of studies have attempted to identify the neurostructural markers of extraversion, the results have been highly inconsistent. The current study aimed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of brain gray matter (GM) correlates of extraversion with a systematic review and meta‐analysis approach. Our review showed relatively high interstudy heterogeneity among previous findings. Our meta‐analysis of whole‐brain voxel‐based morphometry studies revealed that extraversion was stably associated with six core brain regions. Additionally, meta‐regression analyses identified brain regions where the associations of extraversion with GM volume were modulated by gender and age. The relationships between extraversion and GM structures were discussed based on three extraversion‐related functional systems. Furthermore, we explained the gender and age effects. Overall, our study is the first to reveal a comprehensive picture of brain GM correlates of extraversion, and the findings may be useful for the selection of targeted brain areas for extraversion interventions.

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White matter tract network disruption explains reduced conscientiousness in multiple sclerosis

Fuchs

Dwyer

Kuceyeski

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Quantifying white matter (WM) tract disruption in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) provides a novel means for investigating the relationship between defective network connectivity and clinical markers. PwMS exhibit perturbations in personality, where decreased Conscientiousness is particularly prominent. This trait deficit influences disease trajectory and functional outcomes such as work capacity. We aimed to identify patterns of WM tract disruption related to decreased Conscientiousness in PwMS. Personality assessment and brain MRI were obtained in 133 PwMS and 49 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Lesion maps were applied to determine the severity of WM tract disruption between pairs of gray matter regions. Next, the Network-Based-Statistics tool was applied to identify structural networks whose disruption negatively correlates with Conscientiousness. Finally, to determine whether these networks explain unique variance above conventional MRI measures and cognition, regression models were applied controlling for age, sex, brain volume, T2-lesion volume, and cognition. Relative to HCs, PwMS exhibited lower Conscientiousness and slowed cognitive processing speed (p = .025, p = .006). Lower Conscientiousness in PwMS was significantly associated with WM tract disruption between frontal, frontal-parietal, and frontal-cingulate pathways in the left (p = .02) and right (p = .01) hemisphere. The mean disruption of these pathways explained unique additive variance in Conscientiousness, after accounting for conventional MRI markers of pathology and cognition (ΔR = .049, p = .029). Damage to WM tracts between frontal, frontal-parietal, and frontal-cingulate cortical regions is significantly correlated with reduced Conscientiousness in PwMS. Tract disruption within these networks explains decreased Conscientiousness observed in PwMS as compared with HCs.

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Gray and white matter correlates of the Big Five personality traits

Cited by 77 publications

References 41 publications

Structural correlates of the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala and personality in female adolescents

Structural correlates of the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala and personality in female adolescents

Brain gray matter correlates of extraversion: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of voxel‐based morphometry studies

White matter tract network disruption explains reduced conscientiousness in multiple sclerosis

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