Grazing alone is not enough to maintain landscape diversity in the Montseny Biosphere Reserve

Bartolomé, Jordi; Franch, J.; Plaixats, J.; Seligman, N. G.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(99)00086-9

Cited by 64 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been documented in Asia, Australia, Africa, South America, and North America (Archer, 1989;Mather, 2000) and is currently attracting greater attention due to its impacts on global carbon sequestration and land surface-atmosphere interactions (Archer, 1999;Mather, 2000). Tree and shrub expansion towards the adjacent grassland has been correlated with global climate change, increased CO 2 , fire suppression, herbivory, and snow accumulation (Cairns, 1994;Bachelet et al, 2000;Bartolome et al, 2000). In central Asia, woody species expansion into grasslands has been correlated with grazing.…”

Section: Forest-grassland Ecotone Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar patterns of tree encroachment into the adjacent grasslands have been documented throughout the southwestern and northwestern USA. Lower ecotones of conifer forests have been known to be shifting into the adjacent grassland in such a pattern (Arno and Gruell, 1986) due to 20th Century fire suppression, herbivory, climate change, increased CO 2 , and drought (Dando and Hansen, 1990;Bachelet et al, 2000;Bartolome et al, 2000;Asner et al, 2005).…”

Section: Forest-grassland Ecotonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower forest–grassland ecotones and 20th Century livestock herbivory effects in northern Mongolia

Sankey

Montagne

Graumlich

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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We studied five lower forest-grassland ecotones in the Darhad Valley in northern Mongolia and investigated the effects of 20th Century grazing regimes and changes in grazing management on ecotone dynamics at a local scale. A total of 2968 Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) trees were cored and tree-age distribution was constructed to determine 20th Century tree establishment. Tree age and location within the ecotones were correlated and seedling density and their distribution were explored to describe forest-grassland ecotone shift. To examine livestock herbivory effects on ecotone shift, the number of new trees was analyzed with five different grazing regimes and changes in grazing practices during the last 80 years in the Darhad Valley.We documented some evidence of ecotone shift into the adjacent grassland. Rates and patterns of ecotone shift varied with different grazing regimes. Siberian larch tree establishment was greater at overall grazing intensities of low and high levels, which were dominated by sheep and cattle grazing. In contrast, larch establishment was lower at overall grazing intensities of low and medium levels, which were dominated by goat grazing. Twentieth Century changes in grazing practices also influenced Siberian larch regeneration. An abrupt decline in Darhad Valley larch establishment during the 20th Century coincided with locally increased grazing pressure. Furthermore, regional climate variability showed important interaction with local grazing regimes in affecting larch regeneration. A 20th Century pulse in larch establishment coincided with a time period of regionally known warmer temperatures and locally reduced grazing pressure. Our results suggest that overall grazing intensity, livestock species composition, and changes in grazing patterns are important in understanding grazing effects on Siberian larch tree encroachment. #

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Section: Forest-grassland Ecotone Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Forest-grassland Ecotonementioning

confidence: 99%

Lower forest–grassland ecotones and 20th Century livestock herbivory effects in northern Mongolia

Sankey

Montagne

Graumlich

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…consumption (Valderrábano and Torrano, 2000;RuizMirazo and Robles, 2012;Mancilla-Leytón et al, 2013), even if landscape-level impacts are largely unknown (Bartolomé et al, 2000). Conversely, grazing management is directly implicated in higher ignition density (Martínez et al, 2009) in relation with the spatial arrangement of rangelands , especially where land abandonment is less expressive (Martínez-Fernández et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional livestock grazing, human demography and fire incidence in the Portuguese landscape

Torres‐Manso

Fernandes²,

Pinto³

et al. 2014

For. syst.

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Aim of study: Wildfire incidence in Portugal is high in comparison with other Mediterranean Europe countries. Wildfire problems have been worsened by complex interactions between land use, livestock grazing and human population during the 20th century. In this study we try to understand these interactions and relationships.Area of study: Portugal country. Material and methods:For the mainland Portuguese territory we present a statistical temporal analysis ) based on the densities of livestock grazing and human inhabitants at the smallest administrative unit level, the parish. We compare these data with fire incidence descriptors (average area burned and average fire density) between 1990 and 2007.Research highlights: We have identified clusters of parishes sharing common trends in the evolution of livestock and human inhabitant densities. A cause-effect relationship was not detected between livestock grazing density and fire incidence. However, the results point out clusters of parishes where conflicts between forest, fire and livestock grazing are important in the North, Centre and South regions of Portugal.

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“…The degradation process of grazing resources in European Mediterranean areas has been extensively discussed in the literature (for example, Balent and Gibon 1996;Zervas 1998;Flamant et al 1999;Bartolomé et al 2000). Degradation is followed by a strong tendency towards shrub invasion in the drier areas and forest invasion in the more humid (e.g.…”

Section: Prospects For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The implications for the landscape and the associated increased risk of fire hazards have been already mentioned, but the negative implications for biodiversity are not often discussed and indeed represent a non-reversible loss (Rook and Tallowin 2003). Although proper stocking densities can control shrub vegetation (Valderrabano and Torrano 2000;Casasús et al 2005), doubts about the capacity of all domestic animals to efficiently control the dynamics of ligneous plants are also expressed (Bellon and Roggero 1997;Bartolomé et al 2000). In any case, differences between animal species in their capacity to utilise the range of pastoral resources (Gordon 2003) need to be taken into account.…”

Section: Prospects For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Past, present and future of pastoralism in Greece

Hadjigeorgiou

2011

Pastor Res Policy Pract

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Pastoral farming has been a feature of the Greek scene since antiquity. The geomorphology of the area, climatic conditions and the prevailing systems of agricultural production in lowland regions at any given time have all been conducive to the development and preservation of this productive system, principally of small ruminants, until the present day. In the present paper, a brief review is presented of the pastoralism system in the area of Greece through the millennia, highlighting the variety of driving forces on pastoralism. Importance is stressed on this human activity to the formation of present-day biodiversity. Over the last decades, the pastoralist system has been subjected to pressures for 'modernization' and intensification like the rest of the agricultural sector in Greece and has been influenced by the social demands and constraints imposed on individuals in the farming community by these same modernising processes. Adaptation to modern conditions has been accompanied by rapid contraction of the pastoral system, despite the noteworthy economic role it purportedly has to play in the national economy, not to mention its social role in keeping alive the steadily decaying mountainous and disadvantaged regions, which constitute a considerable proportion of the rural land area of Greece. An attempt is made to foresee the future of this system by examining the dynamics of each component.

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Grazing alone is not enough to maintain landscape diversity in the Montseny Biosphere Reserve

Cited by 64 publications

References 16 publications

Lower forest–grassland ecotones and 20th Century livestock herbivory effects in northern Mongolia

Lower forest–grassland ecotones and 20th Century livestock herbivory effects in northern Mongolia

Regional livestock grazing, human demography and fire incidence in the Portuguese landscape

Past, present and future of pastoralism in Greece

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