Green and Traditional Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles—Comparative Study

Abstract

The current study compared the synthesis, characterization and properties of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) based on green and traditional chemical methods. The synthesized CuO were confirmed by spectroscopic and morphological characterization such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersed X-ray (EDX). Electrochemical behavior of the modified electrodes was done using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in ferricyanide/ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3−) redox probe. As revealed by UV spectrophotometer, the absorption peaks ranged from 290–293 nm for all synthesized nanoparticles. Based on SEM images, CuO were spherical in shape with agglomerated particles. Zeta potential revealed that the green CuO have more negative surface charge than the chemically synthesized CuO. The potential of the green synthesized nanoparticles was higher relative to the chemically synthesized one. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicated that the traditional chemically synthesized CuO and the green CuO have electrocatalytic activity towards the ferricyanide redox probe. This suggests that the green CuO can be modified with other nanomaterials for the preparation of electrochemical sensors towards analytes of interest.

Facial Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Chia Seeds Extract and Evaluation of Its Electrochemical Activity

“…During the chemical reaction between chia seed extract and copper chloride salt, the color changed from light green to dark brownish, indicating that the reaction was successful. This result was further confirmed by the distinct broad peak at approximately 291 nm [20], indicating the formation of CuO NPs. Moreover, as reported in the literature [16,35], the absorbance of chia seed extract and copper chloride salt were recorded in the range 400−450 nm and 235 nm, respectively.…”

“…Such synthetic methods have, however, generated other challenges for scientific communities, as they are time-consuming and expensive; moreover, they also involve the release of toxic reagents into the environment, causing significant pollution [11][12][13][14]. Therefore, to mitigate these issues, researchers have focused on employing alternative eco-friendly approaches, such as the usage of plant extracts or microorganisms, to synthesize MONPs [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Effect of the Concentration and the Type of Dispersant on the Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Potential Antimicrobial Applications

“…There are several routes to obtain copper oxide nanoparticles with different shapes and sizes . Some of the synthesis methods described in the literature are thermal decomposition, , calcination, pyrolysis, sonochemistry, electrochemistry, − colloid formation, microwave irradiation, precipitation, − reduction, ,− reverse micelles, sol–gel method, self-assembled methods, , and biosynthesis using plant extracts . In addition to these methods, the oxidation–reduction technique that involves a reduction of copper ions in aqueous medium using a reducing agent has been well developed .…”

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using Bougainvillea leaves aqueous extract and antibacterial activity evaluation

“…The CuONPs with different morphological structures was developed using various synthetic routes such as nonionic water-in-oil micro-emulsions (Dodoo-Arhin et al, 2012), precipitation method (Phiwdang et al, 2013;Ahamed et al 2014;Mayekar et al, 2014), electrochemical method (Katwai et al, 2015), hydrothermal synthesis (Arun et al, 2015), solid state thermal decomposition (Shahsavani et al, 2016), sonochemical method (Silva et al, 2019), chemical and biogenic methods (Muthuvel et al, 2020), microwaveassisted method (Kannan et al, 2020), wet precipitation technique (Parekh et al, 2021), green and traditional chemical methods (Keabadile et al, 2020). These methods for synthesis of CuONPs have many disadvantages: Difficulty of scale up the process, separation and purification of nanoparticles.…”