Green, Rapid, and Universal Preparation Approach of Graphene Quantum Dots under Ultraviolet Irradiation

Abstract

It is of great significance and importance to explore a mild, clean, and highly efficient universal approach for the synthesis of graphene quantum dots. Herein, we introduced a new green, rapid, and universal preparation approach for graphene quantum dots via the free-radical polymerization of oxygen-containing aromatic compounds under ultraviolet irradiation. This approach had a high yield (86%), and the byproducts are only HO and CO. The obtained graphene quantum dots were well-crystallized and showed remarkable optical and biological properties. The colorful, different-sized graphene quantum dots can be used in fluorescent bioimaging in vitro and in vivo. This approach is suitable not only for the preparation of graphene quantum dots but also for heteroatom-doped graphene quantum dots.

Graphene quantum dot based materials for sensing, bio-imaging and energy storage applications: a review

“…GQDs have been synthesized through the methods of green synthesis with the help of different carbon precursor sources like fruit extracts, peels, food-wastes, algal blooms, bacteria, milk, cabbage and human urine. [82][83][84][85][86] When compared to the conventional synthesis, the green chemistry methods have a lot of variance in morphology and UV-vis absorbance. Teymourinia et al 85 synthesize GQDs through the green chemistry method using corn powder as a precursor as shown in Fig.…”

“…By using the green chemistry method, carbonization and functionalization can be achieved by employing biomass carbon source and low reaction temperatures with an exhibition of characteristic uorescence depending upon the functionalities present on the surface. [82][83][84][85][86]…”

Horizontally Aggregation of Monolayer Reduced Graphene Oxide Under Deep UV Irradiation in Solution

“…New and low-cost methods are urgent to be developed. Solvent-mediated exfoliation for few layer flakes is one of the efficient and low-cost methods in graphene fabrication [7–15]. The most widely used method is modified Hummer’s method.…”

Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots as Multifunctional Nanoplatforms for Cancer Treatment

“…[ 33–48 ] The recent bottom‐up methodologies start from aromatic compounds or other natural or synthetic carbon sources, using several methodologies which include the stepwise solution chemistry, hydrothermal and microwave‐assisted methods as well as UV and electron beam irradiation. [ 49–56 ] The chosen route depends on the application for which the nanomaterial is synthesized. The chemical and physical cut approaches generally afford to GQDs possessing many oxygen‐containing functional groups which favor their solubility in water and hence their use in the biological field.…”

“…GQDs with controllable morphology and well distributed sizes have been synthesized by advanced bottom‐up approaches starting from small aromatic precursors or other carbon sources, also originated by degradation of bulk materials. [ 49–55 ] Wang et al. synthesized blue photoluminescent and water dispersible GQDs through a one‐pot hydrothermal method using rice husk biomass as raw material.…”