Green tea extract improves cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mouse spleen and enhances the immune activity of RAW 264.7 cells

Kim, Jeong-Won; Kim, Jin-Hwa; Kim, Chang-Yeop; Jeong, Ji-Soo; Ko, Je-Won; Kim, Tae-Won

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22062

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The liver and pancreatic tissues were processed as previously described ( Kim et al, 2023 ). The tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E; BBC Biochemical, Mount Vemon, WA, Unites States).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frozen liver tissues were homogenized with tissue lysis/extraction kit (Sigma-Aldrich) containing a protease/phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Sigma-Aldrich) and centrifuged at 16,000 × g for 10 min at 4°C to isolate the proteins in the lysate. Immunoblotting was performed as described previously ( Kim et al, 2023 ) to examine the levels of proteins related to gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and oxidative stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-hyperglycemic effects of Cissus quadrangularis extract via regulation of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

Kim,

Jeong,

Kim

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Introduction:Cissus quadrangularis is a vining plant widely used as a traditional herbal remedy for various ailments. In this study, the therapeutic effects of C. quadrangularis extract (CQR-300) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were investigated in a leptin receptor-mutated db/db mouse model.Methods: CQR-300 was orally administered to db/db mice (n = 6/group) at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Blood glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance were assessed using the AccuCheck glucometer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to evaluate insulin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in the blood of db/db mice. Liver and pancreatic tissues from db/db mice were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining. The protein levels of gluconeogenesis-, lipogenesis-, and oxidative stress-related factors were evaluated using western blotting.Results and discussion: CQR-300 treatment effectively reduced body weight, blood glucose, and insulin levels. HbA1c levels were increased by leptin receptor mutation. Additionally, in the oral glucose tolerance tests, the CQR-300 treated group had a faster blood glucose recovery rate than the db/db group. H&E and Oil red-O staining of the liver showed decreased lipid accumulation in the CQR-300 treated group than the db/db group. Western blot analysis confirmed that CQR-300 effectively inhibited gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and oxidative stress-related factors. Our findings suggest that CQR-300 has the potential to be used as a T2DM supplement.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-hyperglycemic effects of Cissus quadrangularis extract via regulation of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

Kim,

Jeong,

Kim

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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A multidimensional assessment of in-host fitness costs of drug resistance in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata

Arastehfar,

Daneshnia,

Hovhannisyan

et al. 2024

FEMS Yeast Research

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Drug-resistant microbes typically carry mutations in genes involved in critical cellular functions and may therefore be less fit under drug-free conditions than susceptible strains. Candida glabrata is a prevalent opportunistic yeast pathogen with a high rate of fluconazole resistance (FLZR), echinocandin resistance (ECR), and multidrug resistance (MDR) relative to other Candida. However, the fitness of C. glabrata MDR isolates, particularly in the host, is poorly characterized, and studies of FLZR isolate fitness have produced contradictory findings. Two important host niches for C. glabrata are macrophages, in which it survives and proliferates, and the gut. Herein we used a collection of clinical and lab-derived C. glabrata isolates to show that FLZR C. glabrata isolates are less fit inside macrophages than susceptible isolates and that this fitness cost is reversed by acquiring ECR mutations. Interestingly, dual-RNAseq revealed that macrophages infected with drug-resistant isolates mount an inflammatory response whereas intracellular drug-resistant cells downregulate processes required for in-host adaptation. Furthermore, drug-resistant isolates were outcompeted by their susceptible counterparts during gut colonization and in infected kidneys, while showing comparable fitness in the spleen. Collectively, our study shows that macrophage-rich organs, such as the spleen, favor the retention of MDR isolates of C. glabrata.

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Green tea extract improves cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mouse spleen and enhances the immune activity of RAW 264.7 cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Anti-hyperglycemic effects of Cissus quadrangularis extract via regulation of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

Anti-hyperglycemic effects of Cissus quadrangularis extract via regulation of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

A multidimensional assessment of in-host fitness costs of drug resistance in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata

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