Greener Approach To Prepare Electrospun Antibacterial β-Cyclodextrin/Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers for Removal of Bacteria from Water

Abstract

This work reports the synthesis of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)/cellulose (CA) nanofibers embedded with silver (Ag) and silver/iron (Ag/Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) via a benign process involving in situ electrospinning of the biopolymers with Ag and Fe salts. The electrospun nanocomposite fibers containing Ag+/Fe3+ ions were then subjected to UV photochemical reduction in the presence of water vapor under inert atmosphere to reduce the ions to zerovalent state. SEM and TEM revealed that the average diameter of the β-CD/CA nanofibers was 382.12 ± 30.09 nm and that the diameters of Ag and Ag/Fe NPs were 38.81 ± 8.21 nm and 56.29 ± 12.64 nm, respectively, after reduction. The XRD and EDS analysis confirmed the presence of the Ag and Fe NPs on the surface of the nanofibers. The effect of UV irradiation time on the reduction of the Ag+ and Fe3+ was studied by measuring the UV–vis absorbance of the reduced NPs. The biocidal effect of Ag and Ag/Fe was investigated using 12 different strains of bacteria. The Ag and Ag/Fe NPs embedded on the β-CD/CA nanofibers exhibited a strong biocidal effect on all of the bacteria strains.

Spectroscopic Determination of Water Salinity in Brackish Surface Water in Nandoni Dam, at Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa

“…The contribution of the sewage discharge to the surface water salinity is less significant compared to other sources. However, it affects the quality of the water by introducing high levels of pathogens and other contaminants, thus making the water sources unfit for domestic use [44][45][46]. The erosion of the salt-bearing rocks are common in the Luvuvhu River and its tributaries, which are the main source of water supply for the Nandoni Dam.…”

One‐step facile process to obtain insoluble polysaccharides fibrous mats from electrospinning of water‐soluble PMDA/cyclodextrin polymer

“…Producing water soluble βCD‐based polymers, which can be processed via electrospinning, gives the possibility to obtain innovative fibrous systems, starting from an eco‐compatible, starch derivative building‐block. Several articles report the possibility to produce fibers via electrospinning starting from native βCDs, βCD derivatives, and βCDs/polymers mixtures . These innovative systems have gained increasing interest in a wide area of applications such as filters, gas trap, pharmaceutical, and medical devices .…”

Thermally and mechanically stable β-cyclodextrin/cellulose acetate nanofibers synthesized using an environmentally benign procedure

“…However, further improved functional properties such as thermal, mechanical, and antibacterial activities of the β-CD-and CA-based nanofibers could be achieved on addition of nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silver (Ag) and iron (Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) [14,15]. CNTs are cylindrical nanostructured allotropes of carbon.…”

“…However, the electrospinning technique was found to be a suitable technique to produce nanofibers with diameters in the range of the nanometer scale [22]. CNTs [23] and Ag and Fe NPs [24] used as additives to improve mechanical, thermal, and biocidal properties of intended materials can be synthesized using material fabrication techniques such as chemical vapor deposition [25] and UV irradiation [14], respectively.…”

“…In the previous study, it was demonstrated that β-CDs and CA nanofibers embedded with Ag and Fe NPs are capable of removing bacteria from water [14]. Despite the inherent properties observed from these biopolymers, further studies need to be conducted to improve their properties such as thermal and mechanical strength.…”