Gross Morphological and Morphometrical Developmental Studies on Harderian Gland in Chicken

Rana, Jigyasa

doi:10.30954/2277-940x.02.2020.23

Cited by 3 publications

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“…В ГЗ знаходяться гранулоцити, макрофаги та лімфоцити у субепітеліальному шарі та просвіті часточок (Baba et al, 1990;Rana et al, 2020). Це активна секреторна залоза, яка містить велику кількість плазматичних клітин Ashok et al (2000).…”

Section: результати та їх обговоренняunclassified

“…виявили ГЗ у курей породи білий леггорн у вентрально-медіальному відділі очного яблука та нещільно прикріпленою періорбітальною фасцією до очного м'яза. За данимиMueller et al (1971) розташована медіально від очного яблука дорсально від зорового нерва під одним з очних м'язів Rana et al (2020). у своїх дослідженнях виявив ГЗ в орбіті, каудально, медіальніше від очного яблука.…”

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Morpho-functional changes of the harderian gland during vaccination

Гуральська

Budnik

2021

SMLNUVMB

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In poultry farms keep large poultry and demand permanently attention to their health. Seeing, the issue of conservation of livestock and prevention of bird disease will always be relevant. The task of conserving birds and increasing their productivity is inseperate linked to increasing natural resistance and the state of the immune system. An urgent problem in poultry farming is the choice of optimal vaccination programs for poultry. The study of the morphology of the immune system of birds allows to objectively assess the effectiveness of methods of prevention and treatment of diseases of various etiologies, as well as to identify critical periods of development of the immune system and the whole organism. Harderian gland is a peripheral organ of immune protection of birds, which is involved in the activation, differentiation of B-lymphocytes and proliferation of plasma cells. The purpose of the article is to systematize and describe the results of studies of the morphology of the ward gland of chickens for vaccine prophylaxis. It is established that the main morphological changes in the body during vaccine prophylaxis are: hyperplastic processes of lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as cellular transformation, which leads to the development of plasma cell response. As a result, there is an increase in the area of lymphoid tissue and an increase in the number of plasma cells in the ward gland. Morphofunctional changes in the harderian gland of chickens are due to age in the postnatal period of ontogenesis, and also depend on the frequency of vaccination. This review article is devoted to the study of the morphology of the harderian gland of chickens during vaccination. Data on the assessment of the morphofunctional state of the bird's harderian gland should be taken into account when conducting vaccine prophylaxis. In addition, a set of structural and morphometric changes in the harderian gland of chickens during vaccination may be one of the criteria for morphological diagnosis of avian immunodeficiencies.

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Section: результати та їх обговоренняunclassified

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Morpho-functional changes of the harderian gland during vaccination

Гуральська

Budnik

2021

SMLNUVMB

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“…In both flying and non-flying birds, Beheiry et al (2020) observed the Harderian gland in the ventromedial aspect of the eyeball, which extended posteriorly from the optic nerve to the anterior section of the eyeball. According to Rana et al (2020), the Harderian gland in chickens was situated ventral to the eyeball and had a constriction in the middle. The harderoian gland functions are diverse which plays a role in lubrication of the eye and its nictitating membrane, it forms immune responses in birds, it has a role of photoreception in rodents as a part of the retinal-pineal axis, produces of pheromones and thermoregulatory lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histoarchitecture of Harderian Gland in Turkeys at Pre-pubertal Age

Jayachitra,

Sivagnanam

2023

IJBSM

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The study was conducted during August, 2021 to June, 2022 at the Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India to elucidate the histological features to provide reference to physiology, immunology and pathology. The harderian gland samples were collected from Broad Breasted Bronze varieties of turkeys immediately after slaughter. Those were collected from turkeys at 5 months of age before sexual maturity, earlier in the year 2021. The Harderian gland of turkey was compound tubulo-acinar type covered by connective tissue capsule. The inter-lobar septa from the capsule divided the glandular parenchyma into many variously sized and shaped lobes filled with secretory units. The capsule and septa showed collagen, elastic and reticular fibers with numerous fibrocytes and fibroblasts. Each lobe had a secretory component and a lymphoid component. The secretory part was lined by pyramidal cells in acini and columnar cells in tubular units and both had spherical nucleus at base. The lymphoid component was constituted by various populations of lymphoid cells such as lymphoblasts, small, medium and large lymphocytes. It also showed numerous plasma cells. Each lobe had a central duct surrounded by several acinar and tubular secretory units. Each secretory unit was lined by closely attached pyramidal cells in acini and columnar cells in tubular units. Myoepithelial cells were noticed at the base of secretory units. The central duct of each lobe was wide and irregular in shape with many crypts and was drained into a large main duct which extended from the posterior to anterior end of the gland.

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“…In their studies, R. Beheiry et al (2020) observed that glandular ducts are established from a single layer of prismatic epithelial cells surrounded by myoepithelial cells. Lymphoid cells, namely lymphocytes, macrophages, and granulocytes, are located in the subepithelial layer and the lumen of the glandular lobules (Rana et al, 2020). A fairly large number of lymphocytes and plasma cells are located in the central and apical parts of the secretory lobules, the intercalated part of the gland (Klecowska-Nawrot et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histoarchitectonics of the Harderian gland of chickens in the post-vaccination period

Budnik¹,

Гуральська²,

Pinsky³

et al. 2022

Scientific Horizons

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Understanding the effect of vaccination on the body of chickens is impossible without exploring the morphology of the immune defence organs. The purpose of the study was to identify morphological changes in the Harderian gland of the Haysex Brown chickens aged 1, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 120 days under the influence of vaccination. The following methods were used in the study: anatomical, histological, light-optical, morphometric, and statistical. Histological preparations of the Harderian gland of chickens of different ages (1, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 120 days) of the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were analysed. The features of the organ structure, its lymphoid structures and their types of forms were explored on histological preparations of the chicken Harderian gland. According to histological studies, it was established that this is a complex tubular lobular gland, which consists of secretory lobules with ducts. The interlobular connective tissue contains a significant number of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and other cells. In vaccinated chickens at 25 days of age, the presence of diffuse lymphoid tissue was noted, which was not observed in the control group, and at 50 days of age - the development of a nodular form of lymphoid tissue, the maximum number of which was observed at 100 days of age. In chickens of 75, 100, and 120 days of the age of the experimental group, the amount of lymphoid tissue in the Harderian gland increased, which was noted in the interlobular connective tissue and secretory lobules. It has been proven that the chicken gland, as a peripheral organ of immune defence, is developed at 50 days of age in both the control and vaccinated groups. The study of morphological changes in the Harderian gland of the poultry of different ages is an important tool for the development of preventive vaccination protocols in modern poultry farming. The results of the study should be considered when improving the technology of rearing and exploitation of chickens to ensure high vitality and, accordingly, productivity

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Gross Morphological and Morphometrical Developmental Studies on Harderian Gland in Chicken

Cited by 3 publications

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Morpho-functional changes of the harderian gland during vaccination

Morpho-functional changes of the harderian gland during vaccination

Histoarchitecture of Harderian Gland in Turkeys at Pre-pubertal Age

Histoarchitectonics of the Harderian gland of chickens in the post-vaccination period

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