Groundwater Defluoridation with Composite Oxyhydroxide Mineral Ores—The Case with Bauxite, a Systematic Review

Abstract

Fluoride contamination of groundwater is a significant concern because of its detrimental impact on human health. Adsorption using composite oxyhydroxide mineral ores such as bauxite has demonstrated feasibility as an environmental remediation technique for rural and disadvantaged communities due to its cost-effective, environmentally friendly, generally acceptable, and adaptive characteristics. The effects of the composition, pretreatment methods, and influencing factors or parameters on the adsorptive defluoridation of groundwater by bauxite, as well as the adsorption mechanisms and the environmental advantages of using composite mineral ore in the remediation of fluoride from groundwater, are highlighted. Generally, the results indicated that some raw mineral assemblage adsorbents and their pretreated versions are better than or practically similar to current commercial fluoride filters.