Groundwater Quality Analysis for Human Consumption: A Case Study of Sukkur City, Pakistan

Groundwater quality evaluation in the command area of Paliganj distributary of the Sone irrigation scheme in India was carried out during two different seasons in the year 2020, namely pre-monsoon, i.e. during March, and post-monsoon, i.e. during October. Forty groundwater samples were obtained from hand pumps and dug wells in the study area during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. The chemical characteristics of groundwater samples were determined according to American Public Health Association approved process. Twelve parameters, namely, pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, F, SO4, K, Cl, and HCO3 were used to compute the water quality based on the weighted arithmetic water quality index method. In the study area, Ca2+-Mg+-HCO3−, and Ca2+-Mg+-Na+-HCO3- were the dominant hydro-chemical facies. All the samples were found to belong to the excellent to good category for drinking purposes during the pre-monsoon period. However, during the post-monsoon season, only 75% of the samples fell into the excellent to good group, while the remaining 25% fell into the poor for drinking purposes category. By analyzing through the irrigation quality index, 80% of the samples are considered highly suitable for irrigation and the remaining 20% come under the medium category. Thus, it was seen that the majority of groundwater samples are suitable for drinking and irrigation purposes, although groundwater in some portions of the area had high salinity and the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), showing that it is unsuitable for irrigation and requires adequate drainage.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Indices: A Case Study of Paliganj Distributary, Bihar, India

Praveen

Roy

2022

“…Eventually, no E coli and/or coliform bacteria were found in the water of all materials. It is noteworthy that due to the total arsenic content from the water of Material 2, which is about eight times higher than that of the rest, only this material that used fly ash with high sulfur would not be applied for road building, because arsenic is very harmful [22]. On the other hand, Material 3 also involves fly ash with high sulfur, but the difference here is the use of proper chemical admixture.…”

Section: Water Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of fly ash improved the physical and mechanical properties of soil similarly to the ordinary fly ash. However, when it rains, water falling on the road diffuses into soil along with other materials used for road building, which might be detrimental to ground water quality, and ultimately would affect public health [22][23][24]. The aim of this paper is to evaluate water, which was used for submerging the specimens up to saturated condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Water Quality Analysis from the Use of High Sulfuric Fly Ash as Base Course Material for Road Building

Duc

2019

Water quality directly influences human life. Drinking water contamination can result in severe health problems. This paper deals with the analysis of water specimens from submergence of material containing high sulfuric fly ash as base course material for road building. The specimens were obtained from real road testing. Results showed that for the material that used fly ash and chemical admixture, water quality was suitable for drinking in accordance with the standard parameters prescribed by the Vietnam Ministry of Health, while for the material that used the same fly ash without chemical admixture, the total arsenic content was eight times higher than that of the former. Thus, if one desires to utilize fly ash with high sulfur as base course material for road building, it needs to be used in combination with appropriate chemical admixture, so that it would not affect ground water quality.

“…As a fundamental requirement, the quality and availability of water are very important [5,6]. Untreated effluent discharge needs to be under safety regulations [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refinery Wastewater Treatment by a Novel Three-Dimensional Electrocoagulation System Design

Theydan¹,

Mohammed²

2022

A novel three-dimensional electrocoagulation method was used in the current work to explore the treatment of refinery wastewater. Metal-Impregnated Granular Activated Carbon (MIGAC) was employed as a third particle electrode in the inventive design. A comprehensive investigation has been conducted to evaluate its performance. BET-specific surface area, total pore volume, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were employed for the characterization of MIGAC particle electrodes at pH=7, 30V applied voltage, 10g of particle electrodes, 175mL/min flow rate, and a supporting electrolyte (0.063M NaCl + 0.025M Na2SO4). The findings indicate that the effectiveness of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) elimination increased quickly after 20min to 66.93, 69.88, 77.59, 74.14, 81.26, 79.87, and 87.14% for Conventional Electrocoagulation (CEC). Three-dimensional electrocoagulation with granular activated carbon (TEC-RGAC), TEC-MIGAC (Al), TEC-MIGAC (Fe), and TEC-MIGAC (Al:Fe) with molar ratios of (1:1), (1:2), and (2:1) respectively were utilized. While turbidity removals were 99.04, 98.87, 99.23, 94.89, 92.42, 98.85, and 99.21% for CEC ,TEC-RGAC, TEC-MIGAC(Al), TEC-MIGAC(Fe), TEC-MIGAC(1:1), TEC-MIGAC(1:2), and TEC-MIGAC(2:1) respectively. The results demonstrated that the metal impregnation of GAC is an interesting method for achieving effective turbidity and COD removal from refinery wastewater. In both batch and repeat recycling tests, MIGAC with a mixture of aluminum and iron oxides removed turbidity and COD more effectively and efficiently than RGAC.