Groundwater quality evaluation based on water quality indices (WQI) using GIS: Maadher plain of Hodna, Northern Algeria

Selmane, Tahar; Dougha, Mostefa; Djerbouai, Salim; djemiat, Djamaleddine; Lemouari, Nadjet

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-24338-1

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…The water quality was suitable for cultivation, except for 5% of the sampling sites. Another study [15] evaluated the groundwater quality of Northern Algeria using the WQI and GIS. The results indicated that nitrate ions exceeded the WHO limits in all water samples, and calcium, chloride, and sulphate occurred at alarming concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Water Quality of Groundwater of Sanghar District, Sindh, Pakistan: Chemical and Multivariate Analysis

Landar,

Jahangir,

Khuhawar

et al. 2024

Water

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Sanghar District is located in the central part of Sindh Province and shares a boarder with India to the east. This work examines the water quality of the groundwater of three subdistricts, Sanghar, Khipro, and Jan Nawaz Ali, mostly used for human consumption, cattle farming, and irrigation. A total of 74 representative samples were collected and analyzed for 26 different parameters, including anions, cations, trace, and toxic elements. The total dissolved salts (TDSs) contained in 41 samples (55.4%), the major cations, K, Na, Mg, and Ca, in 44.6–93.2% of samples, and the major anions, Cl, HCO3, and SO4, in 68.6–81.0% of samples were within the permissible guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). The samples containing elements Cr (24.0%), Pb (29.7%), Ni (39.2%), Cd (40.5%), As (10.8%), and F (39.18%) were above the permissible limits of the WHO. The groundwater samples were examined for water quality index (WQI), contamination index (Cd), chronic daily intake indices (CDIs), hazard quotient indices (HQ), principal component analysis (PCA), piper diagrams, Gibbs diagrams, and cluster analysis to ascertain nature of the groundwater present in the study area. The samples were also examined for suitability for irrigation by sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly’s index (KI), permeability index (PI), and Wilcox diagrams. Samples in the range of 0 to 58.33% were inappropriate for irrigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%