Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Respiratory Allergic Inflammation

Helfrich, Sofia; Mindt, Barbara C.; Fritz, Jörg H.; Duerr, Claudia U.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00930

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…ILC2s have been extensively studied in relation to allergic diseases, including asthma, which is a typical type 2 immune-mediated airway disease. Deregulated type 2 cytokine production and metabolism in ILC2s are considered to be a part of the underlying mechanisms of asthma induction [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Given recent findings showing the importance of overactive immune response by ILC2s in asthma [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], it appears that negatively regulating ILC2s may offer as a therapeutic strategy.…”

Section: A Pathogenic Role Of Ilc2s and Lung Ilc2smentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation

et al. 2020

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Septic shock/severe sepsis is a deregulated host immune system response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Lung inflammation as a form of acute lung injury (ALI) is often induced in septic shock. Whereas macrophages and neutrophils have been implicated as the principal immune cells regulating lung inflammation, group two innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been identified as a new player regulating immune homeostasis. ILC2 is one of the three major ILC subsets (ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s) comprised of newly identified innate immune cells. These cells are characterized by their ability to rapidly produce type 2 cytokines. ILC2s are predominant resident ILCs and, thereby, have the ability to respond to signals from damaged tissues. ILC2s regulate the immune response, and ILC2-derived type 2 cytokines may exert protective roles against sepsis-induced lung injury. This focused review not only provides readers with new insights into the signaling mechanisms by which ILC2s modulate sepsis-induced lung inflammation, but also proposes ILC2 as a novel therapeutic target for sepsis-induced ALI.

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Section: A Pathogenic Role Of Ilc2s and Lung Ilc2smentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to Th2 cells, group II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are prominently involved in allergic airway inflammation and subsequent allergic asthma [127]. It has been demonstrated that Cbl‐b can negatively regulate ILC2 responses and prevents ILC2‐derived inflammation.…”

Section: Cbl‐b In Immune‐related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas B lineage lymphoma-b and its potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy

Jafari

Mousavi

Shahbaz

et al. 2021

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Summary The distinction of self from non‐self is crucial to prevent autoreactivity and ensure protection from infectious agents and tumors. Maintaining the balance between immunity and tolerance of immune cells is strongly controlled by several sophisticated regulatory mechanisms of the immune system. Among these, the E3 ligase ubiquitin Casitas B cell lymphoma‐b (Cbl‐b) is a newly identified component in the ubiquitin‐dependent protein degradation system, which is thought to be an important negative regulator of immune cells. An update on the current knowledge and new concepts of the relevant immune homeostasis program co‐ordinated by Cbl‐b in different cell populations could pave the way for future immunomodulatory therapies of various diseases, such as autoimmune and allergic diseases, infections, cancers and other immunopathological conditions. In the present review, the latest findings are comprehensively summarized on the molecular structural basis of Cbl‐b and the suppressive signaling mechanisms of Cbl‐b in physiological and pathological immune responses, as well as its emerging potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy in animal models and human diseases.

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“…Also, eosinophils are major sources of CysLT by autocrine or paracrine stimulation [ 86 ]. Recently, it has been reported that human ILC2s express CysLT receptors; thus, CysLTs are involved in ILC2 activation [ 87 ]. Corticosteroids do not effectively inhibit the CysLT synthesis pathway [ 71 ].…”

Section: Management Of Severe Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct functions of eosinophils in severe asthma with type 2 phenotype: clinical implications

Choi

Sim

park

2020

Korean J Intern Med

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Asthma is commonly recognized as a heterogeneous condition with a complex pathophysiology. With advances in the development of multiple medications for patients with asthma, most asthma symptoms are well managed. Nevertheless, 5% to 10% of adult asthmatic patients (called severe asthma) are in uncontrolled or partially controlled status despite intensive treatment. Especially, severe eosinophilic asthma is one of the severe asthma phenotypes characterized by eosinophilia in sputum/blood driven by type 2 immune responses. Eosinophils have been widely accepted as a central effector cell in the lungs. Some evidence has demonstrated that persistent eosinophilia in upper and lower airway mucosa contributes to asthma severity by producing various mediators including cytokines, chemokines and granule proteins. Moreover, extracellular traps released from eosinophils have been revealed to enhance type 2 inflammation in patients with severe asthma. These novel molecules have the ability to induce airway inf lammation and hyperresponsiveness through enhancing innate and type 2 immune responses. In this review, we highlight recent insight into the function of eosinophil extracellular traps in patients with severe asthma. In addition, the role of eosinophil extracellular vesicles in severe asthma is also proposed. Finally, current biologics are suggested as a potential strategy for effective management of severe eosinophilic asthma.

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Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Respiratory Allergic Inflammation

Cited by 50 publications

References 145 publications

The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation

The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Regulation of Immune Homeostasis in Sepsis-Mediated Lung Inflammation

E3 ubiquitin ligase Casitas B lineage lymphoma-b and its potential therapeutic implications for immunotherapy

Distinct functions of eosinophils in severe asthma with type 2 phenotype: clinical implications

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