Grouting-based treatment of tunnel settlement: Practice in Shanghai

Zhang, Dongmei; Huang, Zhong-Kai; Wang, Rulu; Yan, Jia-Bao; Zhang, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2018.06.017

Cited by 85 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that segment uplift is caused by many factors, such as engineering geology, hydrogeology, grouting quality, and shield posture [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Based on the experimental investigations, Shirlaw et al [12] believed that the slurry performance and grouting pressure have a great influence on the floating of pipe segments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasternak Model‐Based Tunnel Segment Uplift Model of Subway Shield Tunnel during Construction

Tao

Yunhe

Zhu

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Segment uplift is a frequent problem during the construction of shield tunnels. The phenomenon of segment uplift in Xuzhou Metro Line 1 is investigated. The segment uplift magnitude in the shale layer is quite smaller than that in the clay layer. A tunnel segment uplift calculation model based on the Pasternak foundation beam model is proposed, which considers the hardening process of the grouted body with time. The finite difference method is adopted to calculate the magnitude of segment uplift during different tunnel construction stages, and a numerical solution of segment uplift on the longitudinal direction is obtained. The applicability of the numerical solution is studied by comparing with the field test results and parametric analyses are also performed to investigate the eﬀects of diﬀerent factors on segment uplifting. The results show that the coefficient of subgrade modulus, shear stiffness of the shear layer, and grout pressure all influence the segment uplifting of the tunnel. The influence of the coefficient of subgrade modulus and grout pressure on segment uplift is more significant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasternak Model‐Based Tunnel Segment Uplift Model of Subway Shield Tunnel during Construction

Tao

Yunhe

Zhu

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…Grouting is an effective method to reinforce muddy fault [5][6][7]. Grouting diffusion usually behaves in fracture mode in muddy fault stratum [8][9][10][11]. Namely, grout veins form and the stratum on both sides of grout vein are compacted simultaneously in fracture grouting diffusion process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Test on Segmental Grouting Diffusion Process in Muddy Fault of Tunnel Engineering

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Geofluids

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In order to realize the diffusion law of segmental grouting in muddy fault of tunnel engineering, a three-dimensional grouting diffusion simulation test has been done. Three times of grouting operation have been done for three adjacent sections in grouting pipe. Grouting pressure, injection rate, soil pressure field, and seepage pressure field have been real-time monitored in three grouting stages. The effect of segmental grouting operation on soil pressure field and effective stress field has been analyzed. Results show that previous grouting operation can affect later grouting operation. Due to previous grouting operation, the grouted stratum can be compacted and grouting diffusion will conquer greater resistance in later grouting stages. Correspondingly, grouting pressure increases and injection rate decreases in the later grouting stage. There exists a limited influence range for a single grouting operation. For every grouting stage, soil pressure and effective stress in the section which the injection hole locates in are affected effectively by grouting operation. By contrast, soil pressure and effective stress in section away from injection hole are affected relatively weakly by grouting operation. With distance to injection hole increasing, compaction degree and reinforcement effect of grouted muddy fault decay in space. Multisegmental grouting method has significant advantages over single grouting method. Ineffectively compacted area by previous grouting operation can be effectively compacted by later grouting operation from adjacent injection hole. As a result, uniformity of grouting reinforcement effect can be improved, and weakly reinforcement area can be reduced.

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“…Water-rich sand layer is characterized by rich water, low cementation strength, and low self-stability. When tunneling or digging foundation pit in water-rich sand layer, disaster accidents are likely to happen, such as collapse or sand inrush in tunnel or foundation pit [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test on Compaction Reinforcement Effect of Sand

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In fracture or compaction grouting projects of sand layer, there exist many compacted sand regions on both sides of grout veins or around grout bulbs. It has an important effect on the final reinforcement effect of the sand layer that how much performance of the sand layer is improved after being compacted. Compression modulus, cohesion, and permeability coefficient are selected to be the performance indexes of the compaction reinforcement effect of sand. The relationship between the performance properties of sand and grouting pressure has been tested and analyzed. And influences of clay content and initial water ratio of sand on the compaction reinforcement effect have been studied. Results show that compaction can effectively improve the mechanical properties and impermeability properties of sand. Compression modulus of sand increases by 2∼18 times. The cohesion of sand increases from the scope of 9.4∼26 kPa to the scope of 40∼113.6 kPa. The permeability coefficient of sand decreases from the scope of 1.0 × 10−2∼ 8.33 × 10−4 cm/s to the scope of 2.19 × 10−4∼2.77 × 10−9 cm/s. When the clay content of sand is smaller than about 20%, sand cannot be reinforced effectively by compaction. Cohesion cannot be improved significantly and the permeability coefficient cannot be reduced markedly. A high initial water ratio of sand is beneficial to improve the compression modulus of compacted sand and goes against the improvement of cohesion of compacted sand. In addition, the initial water ratio has little effect on the permeability coefficient of compacted sand. In the end, fitting formulas have been developed to quantitatively describe the compaction reinforcement effect of sand by different grouting pressures.

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Grouting-based treatment of tunnel settlement: Practice in Shanghai

Cited by 85 publications

References 26 publications

Pasternak Model‐Based Tunnel Segment Uplift Model of Subway Shield Tunnel during Construction

Pasternak Model‐Based Tunnel Segment Uplift Model of Subway Shield Tunnel during Construction

Model Test on Segmental Grouting Diffusion Process in Muddy Fault of Tunnel Engineering

Test on Compaction Reinforcement Effect of Sand

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