Growing up in Bradford: protocol for the age 7–11 follow up of the Born in Bradford birth cohort

Bird, Philippa K; McEachan, Rosemary; Mon-Williams, Mark; Small, Neil; West, Jane; Whincup, Peter H.; Wright, John; Andrews, Elizabeth; Barber, Sally; Hill, Liam J. B.; Lennon, Lucy; Mason, Dan; Shire, Katy; Waiblinger, Dagmar; Waterman, Amanda H.; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Pickett, Kate E.

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7222-2

Cited by 65 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We acknowledge the input of the wider Bradford Institute for Health Research Covid-19 Scientific Advisory Group 11 in the preparation of this protocol which includes (in addition to the named authors: Abigail Dutton, Bo Hou, Tom Lawton, Dan Mason, Michael McCooe, Mark Mon-Williams, Gill Santorelli, Laura Sheard, Najma Sidiqqi, Kuldeep Sohal, Jane West).…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bradford is the fifth largest metropolitan district in England, situated in the North of England and has a young, ethnically diverse population with high levels of deprivation and health inequalities 10 . BiB is host to three family cohort studies, two of which had collected in-depth information on the demographics of participants prior to the pandemic, as well as consent to contact participants for new research studies 11 – 13 . We were therefore in a unique position to be able to study the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown response on families with pre-school, primary and/or secondary school aged children living in a highly deprived and ethnically diverse city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences of lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic: descriptive findings from a survey of families in the Born in Bradford study

Dickerson

Kelly²,

Lockyer³

et al. 2021

Wellcome Open Res

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Background: Lockdown measures implemented to contain the Covid-19 virus have increased health inequalities, with families from deprived and ethnically diverse backgrounds most likely to be adversely affected. This paper describes the experiences of families living in the multi-ethnic and deprived city of Bradford, England. Methods: A wave of survey data collection using a combination of email, text and phone with postal follow-up during the first Covid-19 UK lockdown (10th April to 30th June 2020) with parents participating in two longitudinal studies. Cross tabulations explored variation by ethnicity and financial insecurity. Text from open questions was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Of 7,652 families invited, 2,144 (28%) participated. The results presented are based on the 2,043 (95%) mothers’ responses: 957 (47%) of whom were of Pakistani heritage, 715 (35%) White British and 356 (18%) other ethnicity 971 (46%) lived in the most deprived decile of material deprivation in England. and 738 (37%) were financially insecure. Many families lived in poor quality (N=574, 28%), overcrowded (N=364, 19%) housing. Food (N=396, 20%), employment (N=728, 37%) and housing (N=204, 10%) insecurities were common, particularly in those who were furloughed, self-employed not working or unemployed. Clinically important depression and anxiety were reported by 372 (19%) and 318 (16%) mothers. Ethnic minority and financially insecure families had a worse experience during the lockdown across all domains, with the exception of mental health which appeared worse in White British mothers. Open text responses corroborated these findings and highlighted high levels of anxiety and fear about Covid-19. Conclusions: There is a need for policy makers and commissioners to better support vulnerable families during and after the pandemic. Future work will use longitudinal data from before the pandemic, and from future surveys during the pandemic, to describe trajectories and the long-term consequences of the pandemic on vulnerable populations.

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Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic: descriptive findings from a survey of families in the Born in Bradford study

Dickerson

Kelly²,

Lockyer³

et al. 2021

Wellcome Open Res

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“…The study protocol and detailed methods of school recruitment are described elsewhere. 10 11 Schools were given information sheets and opt-out consent forms to give to parents of children in eligible year groups ahead of the school visit; one school asked for opt-in consent to be used and this was accommodated. Fewer than 5% of parents opted out of the study.…”

Section: Methods (For Strobe Statement See Supplementary Materials: 1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerabilities in child wellbeing among primary school children: a cross-sectional study in Bradford, UK

Pickett

Hou

Kelly

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of factors related to wellbeing among primary school children in a deprived multi-ethnic community.Design and participantsCross-sectional survey of 15,641 children aged 7-10 years in Born in Bradford’s Primary School Years study: whole-classroom samples in 89 Bradford primary schools between 2016 and 2019.Main outcome measuresPrevalence estimates by ethnicity (%, 95% CI) of single and multiple vulnerabilities in child wellbeing within and across four domains (home, family, relationships; material resources; friends and school; subjective wellbeing).ResultsOnly 10% of children have no vulnerabilities in any domain of wellbeing; 10% have one or more vulnerabilities in all four domains. The highest prevalence estimates were for being bullied some or all of the time (52.7%, 51.9 to 53.4%), keeping worries to oneself (31.2%, 30.5 to 31.9%), having no park near home (30.8%, 30.1 to 31.5%) and worrying all the time about how much money their family has (26.3%, 25.6 to 27%).Boys were consistently significantly more likely than girls to report all of the vulnerabilities in the Home, Family and Family Relationships domain, and the majority of indicators in the other domains, and in all domains except Friends and School, boys were significantly more likely to have at least one vulnerability. Girls were significantly more likely to report not having many friends (16.7%, 95% CI: 15.9 to 17.6% vs. 12.5%, 95% CI: 11.8 to 13.2%), being bullied some or all of the time (55.8%, 95% CI: 54.7 to 56.9% vs. 49.7%, 95% CI: 48.6 to 50.8%) and feeling left out all the time (12.1%, 95% CI: 11.4 to 12.8%) vs. 10.3%, 95% CI: 9.7 to 11.0%).Variations in vulnerabilities by ethnicity were complex, with children in Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic groups sometimes reporting more vulnerabilities and sometimes fewer than White British children. For example, compared to children of Pakistani heritage, White British children were more likely to say that their family never gets along well (6.3%,5.6 to 7.1% vs. 4.1%,3.6 to 4.6%) and to have no access to the internet at home (22.3%,21 to 23.6% vs. 18%,17 to 18.9%). Children with Pakistani heritage were more likely than White British children to say they had no park near their home where they can play with friends (32.7%,31.6 to 33.9% vs. 29.9%,28.6 to 31.3%), to report not having three meals a day (17.9%,16.9 to 18.8% vs. 11.9%,10.9 to 12.9%) and to worry all the time about how much money their families have (29.3%,28.2 to 30.3%) vs. 21.6%,20.4 to 22.9%). Gypsy/Irish Traveller children were less likely than White British children to say they were bullied some or all of the time (42.2%,35.4 to 49.4% vs. 53.8%,52.3 to 55.3%), but more likely to say they were mean to others all the time (9.9%,6.3 to 15.2% vs. 4%,3.5 to 4.7%) and can never work out what to do when things are hard (15.2%,10.6 to 21.2% vs. 9%, 8.2 to 9.9%).We considered six vulnerabilities to be of particular concern during the current Covid-19 pandemic and associated national and local lockdowns: family never gets along well together; no garden where child can play; no nearby park where they can play; not having 3 meals a day; no internet at home; worried about money all the time. Pre-pandemic, 37.4% (36.6 to 38.3%) of Bradford children had one of these vulnerabilities and a further 29.6% (28.9 to 30.4%) had more than one.ConclusionsAlthough most primary school children aged 7-10 in our study have good levels of wellbeing on most indicators across multiple domains, fewer than 10% have no vulnerabilities at all, a worrying 10% have at least one vulnerability in all the four domains we studied and two thirds have vulnerabilities of concern during the Covid-19 lockdowns.

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“…The study is working with the Born in Bradford (BiB) birth cohort. 5 We are involved in collecting orthodontic records for each child, including dental charting, photographs and impressions. These records are assessed by orthodontists to determine any space loss and the patient's orthodontic needs using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).…”

Section: How Did We Become Involved In the Platoon Study?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How can DCTs become involved in research?

Shelswell¹,

Patel²

2020

Br Dent J

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Academic DCT posts We currently work as DCT3s in Restorative Dentistry (Post 1) and Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology (Post 2) at the Leeds Dental Institute. As part of these posts, we have one day a week of protected time to develop our academic skills. Of the 77 DCT3 posts available in 2019, only two included specific academic duties within their roles. 1 We actively sought these posts when applying for DCT3, since the nature of DCT rotations and national recruitment make it very difficult to sustain an active role embedded within a large research project. Given the significant academic activity included in specialty training, as well as the drive to increase research undertaken in primary care, 2,3 we believe an increase in the number of academic DCT posts would benefit postgraduate trainees and the future wider workforce.

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Growing up in Bradford: protocol for the age 7–11 follow up of the Born in Bradford birth cohort

Cited by 65 publications

References 52 publications

Experiences of lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic: descriptive findings from a survey of families in the Born in Bradford study

Experiences of lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic: descriptive findings from a survey of families in the Born in Bradford study

Vulnerabilities in child wellbeing among primary school children: a cross-sectional study in Bradford, UK

How can DCTs become involved in research?

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