Growth and yield model for non-timber forest product of kemenyan (Styrax sumatranaJ.J. Sm) in Tapanuli, North Sumatra

Abstract

Abstract. Kemenyan is Styrax tree resin, the main of non-timber forest product commodity in Lake Toba catchment area, North Sumatra since hundreds years ago. However, there are lack of information about the growth and yield prediction for this tree species. The objective of study is to construct the growth and yield models for Styrax sumatrana in Tapanuli region, North Sumatra. Measurement data from 20 temporary plots were used to formulate stand diameter and height equations, and to project the incense production. The highest Current Annual Increment (CAI) of diameter occurs in the stand's age 21 to 25 years (1.00 cm/year). The growth of diameter declines significantly to 0.48 cm/year in age 46 to 50 years, and decrease to 0.26 cm/year at age 50 years up. The intersection of CAI and MAI curves occur in stand age 31 to 35 years. It shows that the optimal growth occurs in this period. The average of incenses production was 318.59 g/tree/year. The optimum incense production was achieved when the diameter growth was maximal and tapping scars accumulation was limited.

Land characteristics and land suitability assessment for Styrax sp. in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia

“…production to be not optimal because the nutrients needed by the plant must be shared a lot by other plants. The density of spacing will cause the temperature below the canopy to be lower, so that plants that tend to require light cause smaller leaf growth [ 13 ]. Whereas for plants excess light intensity will cause disruption to plant growth and even experience death.…”

“…is sold by the public for export purposes. There were various studies on Styrax sp [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ]. Base on previous studies, until now, Styrax sp.…”

The potential for the cultivation of Styrax benzoin based on land suitability evaluation in Pakpak Bharat District, Indonesia

“…Numerous studies have been conducted on S. benzoin, including those on such topics as the impact of cutting material age and growth regulators on cutting success (Putri and Danu 2014), estimation models for its resin productivity (Anas and Kholibrina 2017), growth and yield models for its non-timber forest product in Tapanuli, (Aswandi and Kholibrina 2018), profitability and market chain analysis in Humbang Hasundutan (Gaol and Simangunsong 2012), its flowering and fruiting phenology (Kholibrina et al 2018), land suitability for its cultivation (Sunandar 2012), land characteristics and land suitability assessment for Styrax sp. in Humbang Hasundutan (Rahmawaty et al 2023a).…”

Cinnamic Acid in Frankincense Sap as a Criterion for Determining the Best Mother Plant for Vegetative Propagation of Styrax benzoin (Sumatra Benzoin) in Sumatra, Indonesia

“…e problem faced is that the production of the sap from S. benzoin trees varies, and as a result, the trees with low sap production tend to be neglected or cut down. Cutting down the tree reduces the population of S. benzoin and threatens forest sustainability [8,9]. Styrax benzoin trees are commonly grown from seeds, which causes the production of frankincense sap to vary, even though they are located in adjacent forest areas.…”