Growth, Feed Efficiency and Gross Chemical Composition in Market-Weight Pigs as Influenced by a Combination of Synthetic Sex Hormones and Tyloses

Costa, Ronaldo C. da; Parent, J; Dobson, Howard; Ruotsalo, Kristiina; Holmberg, David L.; Duque, Marvin; Poma, Roberto

doi:10.4141/cjas69-011

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

1969

DOI: 10.4141/cjas69-011

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Growth, Feed Efficiency and Gross Chemical Composition in Market-Weight Pigs as Influenced by a Combination of Synthetic Sex Hormones and Tyloses

Ronaldo C. da Costa

J Parent²,

Howard Dobson³

et al.

Abstract: A combination of diethylstiltiestrol f methyltestosterone f Tylosin, added to a balanced ration during the finishing peridd, resulted in a trend towards increased gains, improvedfeed efficiendy-and a'reduction in age to market of 5 to 6 days in both barrows and gilts.

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Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

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Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Lone

1997

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Natural and xenobiotic compounds having sex-related actions have long been used for growth promotion and various changes in carcass quality in meat animals. The first compounds used were synthetic estrogens; however, later on a whole battery of compounds having androgenic, and progestogenic actions have also been involved. In surveying the effects of these compounds in meat-producing animals, it became clear that these drugs increase the growth rate of the treated animals and bring about changes in the carcass that are generally characterized by lower fat content and more lean mass. Extensive studies undertaken in various countries, including the European Economic Community (EEC), have shown that if used according to good husbandry practices, the meat from treated animals does not have excessive amounts of residues compared with the endogenous amount of steroid production in the animals in question and also in human beings. The banning of these compounds in the European community brought a new phenomenon of illegal or black market cocktails. These mixtures of anabolic steroids are injected into the body of the animals rather than implanted in the ears, which is the normal practice in countries where they have not yet been banned. Several screening and confirmatory methods are now available for monitoring programs. However, these programs need excessive resources in terms of manpower, funds, and proper legislation, which in underdeveloped countries is questionable, particularly in the absence of strong scientific evidence for the exercise.

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Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Lone

1997

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Artisanal model replaces animal use for ultrasound-guided fine needle puncture practice in medical sciences teaching

Alencar

Prado

Ercolin

et al. 2023

Advances in Physiology Education

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Fine needle puncture (FNP) is a widespread technique used to collect cellular samples. Its efficiency can be enhanced by the use of ultrasonography to guide the procedure. Ultrasound-guided fine needle puncture is therefore an operator-dependent exam. For this reason, it demands the acquisition of psychomotor skill, ability to recognize structures and dexterity during the needle puncture. This study described the development of an artisanal simulator made with gelatin to replace the use of live animals during practical classes in Veterinary or Medical Sciences education. The experimental set consisted of three phases in which the student should perform different tasks such as recognition of the target structure with the ultrasound and injection of ink (phase 1) or aspiration (phase 2) of its content; and evaluation of a parenchymatous organ (liver) and puncture of its surface (phase 3). A survey on the acceptance of the model was carried out and students filled a questionnaire elaborated with the Visual Analog Scale system. Participants considered the artisanal model as a strong method to teach ultrasound-guided FNP. Other attractive advantages of this simulator are the low manufacturing costs (compared to expensive high-technology devices) and the possibility to replace the use of live animals in practical classes.

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Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 6: Macrolides: tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The specific concentrations of tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin in non-target feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield, were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. However, due to the lack of data on the parameters required to calculate the FARSC, it was not possible to conclude the assessment until further experimental data become available. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported for tilmicosin and tylosin, whilst for tylvalosin no suitable data for the assessment were available. It was recommended to carry out studies to generate the data that are required to fill the gaps which prevented the calculation of the FARSC for these three antimicrobials.

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Growth, Feed Efficiency and Gross Chemical Composition in Market-Weight Pigs as Influenced by a Combination of Synthetic Sex Hormones and Tyloses

Abstract: A combination of diethylstiltiestrol f methyltestosterone f Tylosin, added to a balanced ration during the finishing peridd, resulted in a trend towards increased gains, improvedfeed efficiendy-and a'reduction in age to market of 5 to 6 days in both barrows and gilts.

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Artisanal model replaces animal use for ultrasound-guided fine needle puncture practice in medical sciences teaching

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 6: Macrolides: tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin

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About

Growth, Feed Efficiency and Gross Chemical Composition in Market-Weight Pigs as Influenced by a Combination of Synthetic Sex Hormones and Tyloses

Abstract: A combination of diethylstiltiestrol f methyltestosterone f Tylosin, added to a balanced ration during the finishing peridd, resulted in a trend towards increased gains, improvedfeed efficiendy-and a'reduction in age to market of 5 to 6 days in both barrows and gilts.

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Natural sex steroids and their xenobiotic analogs in animal production: Growth, carcass quality, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, mode of action, residues, methods, and epidemiology

Artisanal model replaces animal use for ultrasound-guided fine needle puncture practice in medical sciences teaching

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 6: Macrolides: tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 6: Macrolides: tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin