Growth in Mice Fed Diets Rendered Deficient in Cystine, but Not in Methionine

Bauer, Clifford D.; Berg, Clarence P.

doi:10.1093/jn/25.5.497

Cited by 9 publications

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“…Similar inhibitory effects upon the incidence and growth of malignant tumors have been reported in animals fed diets imbalanced or deficient in the essential amino acids (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Ten amino acids have been found essential for normal growth of mice (9,12,13). The mouse does not require arginine and can synthesize cystine from methionine (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative Effects of Nutritional Essential Amino Acid Deficiency Upon Immune Responses to Tumors in Mice

Jose

Good

1973

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

144

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Mice were fed diets deficient in a single essential amino acid, and the primary immune responses to inoculation of allogenic tumor cells was measured by in vitro assay of cellular immunity. Moderate reduction of the amino acids phenylalanine-tyrosine, valine, threonine, methionine-cystine, isoleucine, and tryptophane in the diet produced profound depression of hemagglutinating and blocking antibody responses, although cytotoxic cell-mediated immunity remained intact. These diets had previously been shown to result in a selective depression of tumor growth in mice. Limitation of the amino acids arginine, histidine, and lysine in the diets gave rise to only slight depression of the immune responses. These diets had previously been shown to produce a proportional decrease in both tumor growth and host body weight. Moderate leucine restriction resulted in a paradoxical depression of cytotoxic cell-mediated immunity with little effect on serum blocking activity. Slight increases had previously been noted in the weight of tumors in mice fed leucine-restricted diets. Deficiency or imbalance of essential amino acids in the diet may produce profound depression of immune responses and apparent, marked changes in the immune resistance of the host animal to tumors.

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative Effects of Nutritional Essential Amino Acid Deficiency Upon Immune Responses to Tumors in Mice

Jose

Good

1973

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

144

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“…Methionine and cystine.-Contrary to a previous report (8 6) mice grew well on diets which contained methionine, but only traces of cystine (87). Mesolanthionine (which lacks one of the sulfur atoms found in mesocystine) failed to promote growth in rats fed a cystine deficient diet, probably because it was not split or because it yielded d-cysteine, which is not convertible to the 1 enantiomorph (88).…”

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confidence: 74%

The Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids

Berg¹

1944

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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In the compilation of this review an attempt has been made to give appropriate recognition· to the current interest in normal and emer gency nutrition, by discussing such aspects as the amino acid needs of the human subject, the synthesis of blood proteins, intravenous ali mentation, and the use of urea by ruminants. References to papers in the fields of plant and bacterial metabolism have been largely omitted. During the year many delayed foreign journals have become available, but their arrival has been erratic and it has not been possible to fill some of the gaps. Throughout the review 1 and d have been used in the configurational sense.Essential amino acids.-The amino acid requirements for main tenance in the adult human subject have recently been tested with protein hydrolyzates and with mixtures of purified amino acids as the chief or sole source of protein nitrogen. Studies of the former type have come chiefly from the laboratory of Holt. Nitrogen equilibrium was readily maintained on an enzymic hydrolyzate of casein, but this was not possible with acid-hydrolyzed casein until tryptophan . �had been added (1, 2). Two other acid hydrolyzates were prepared, one from casein which had been deaminized to destroy the lysine (3) and the other from casein which had been oxidized with hydrogen perox ide (4, 5) to convert the methionine to the corresponding biologically inactive sulfone (6) which was removed as the insoluble calcium sul fonate. From the latter preparation most of the residual cystine was also removed by adsorption on norit. When the former hydrolyzate was fed in diets fortified with tryptophane, equilibrium was not at tained until lysine was added (7, 8). Supplementation of the latter hydrolyzate with tryptophane, methionine, and cystine provided a mix ture adequate for maintenance. Removal of the methionine produced negative nitrogen balances and loss of body weight; its restoration re-established nitrogen equilibrium in a few days, but did not increase the body weight. 0 The inconsistent results obtained by the omission of cystine were considered to suggest that cystine was essential, but this conclusion was t.bought to require confirmation (9). An abstract 239 Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1944.13:239-262. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Technische Universiteit Eindhoven on 02/02/15. For personal use only.Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Stoffwechsel der Eiweißstoffe und Aminosäuren

Wiss¹

1954

Der Stoffwechsel

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Growth in Mice Fed Diets Rendered Deficient in Cystine, but Not in Methionine

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative Effects of Nutritional Essential Amino Acid Deficiency Upon Immune Responses to Tumors in Mice

Quantitative Effects of Nutritional Essential Amino Acid Deficiency Upon Immune Responses to Tumors in Mice

The Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids

Stoffwechsel der Eiweißstoffe und Aminosäuren

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