Growth Induced by Damage

Argyris, Thomas S.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4831-9954-2.50005-7

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Minasian measured blood flow in areas of skin near tumor grafts and observed that the skin overlying the pectoral mammary glands of mice 0-had a higher fractional distribution of cardiac output than did the skin overlying the inguinal mammary gland; that dorsal skin blood flow inguinally was greater than ventral blood flow; and that skin near tumors had greater blood flow than skin from the equivalent contralateral regions not adjacent to tumors. Earlier studies of Argyris (45) also dealt with the relation between tumors and adjacent skin functions.…”

Section: Topographical Aspects Of Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Differences in the Growth of Normal and Neoplastic Cells

Auerbach¹,

Auerbach²

1982

Science

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This article provides a review of the literature on anteroposterior differences in the growth and functional expression of normal and neoplastic cells. Diverse studies in immunology, wound healing, carcinogenesis, transplantation biology, and developmental biology are brought together to emphasize the practical implications of regional differences for research protocols in all these areas of research. The more fundamental question of mechanisms is approached by consideration of variations in the vascular supply, pattern of nervous system development, expression of temperature differentials, and the establishment of metabolic gradients during development.

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Section: Topographical Aspects Of Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Differences in the Growth of Normal and Neoplastic Cells

Auerbach¹,

Auerbach²

1982

Science

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“…Wax depilation induces development of homogenous anagen phase, which is accompanied by a locally increased number of LCs. 18,19 In contrast to spontaneous anagen development, depilation-induced anagen phase causes the slight inflammatory effect of plucking, 20 which is demonstrated by the upregulation of epidermal ICAM-1, 21 thus attracting dendritic epidermal T cells and LCs to the HF area. 21 Besides skin pretreatment, successful TCI requires coadministration of an adjuvant to induce both cellular and humoral immune responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous immunization in mice: Induction of T-helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and protection against human papillomavirus-induced tumors

2006

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Previous reports have shown that transcutaneous immunization (TCI) with proteins or peptides in combination with adjuvants efficiently induces specific cellular and humoral immune responses. However, depending on the kind of skin pretreatment, induction of cellular immune responses was restricted to generation of either specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or T-helper (Th) cells. In this study, we induced antigen-specific CTL responses together with the appropriate Th responses by TCI of C57BL/6 mice. We applied ovalbumin protein or an ovalbuminderived fusion peptide containing a CTL and Th epitope together with a combination of cholera toxin (CT) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG) onto cold wax-depilated and hydrated bare skin. TCI with the ovalbumin fusion peptide induced more robust CTL and Th responses than that with ovalbumin protein. The fusion peptide in combination with the nontoxic CT derivative CTA1-D2D1 and CpG induced an antigen-specific CTL response, albeit less efficiently than in combination with complete CT. Further, we compared the potency of HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein-derived peptides containing single (CTL) or multiple (CTL 1 Th 1 B cell) epitopes to induce effective CTL responses. Strong E7-specific CTL responses were detected only after TCI with the E7 multiepitope peptide. This peptide was also shown to protect mice against tumor growth after challenge with HPV-16 E7-positive tumor cells. TCI with E7 protein and CT/CpG led to formation of an E7-specific humoral immune response. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: transcutaneous immunization; human papillomavirus type 16 E7 (HPV-16 E7); CTA1-D2D1; cytotoxic T lymphocyte; T helper cell; ovalbumin; tumor protection TCI is a novel strategy in modern vaccinology. By this application, blood-borne transmission of diseases through the reuse of needles, which is a common practice in remote parts of the world, can be circumvented and better compliance of vaccinees obtained. Apart from its benefits toward vaccine safety, TCI targets LCs, a dense population of highly accessible APCs within the skin. 1 An important feature of vaccination against viral infections and virus-based tumors is the induction of CTLs. 2-4 Upon activation by APCs, predominantly DCs, CTLs are able to selectively kill antigen-expressing cells. 5 For clearance of certain viral infections, the aid of Th cells for CTL activation is necessary. 6 The bias to one of the 2 Th subsets (Th1 > Th2) is a prerequisite for specific CTL induction. 7 Generation of specific CTLs against proteinaceous or peptidebased vaccines in combination with adjuvants after TS of the skin is possible. 8-10 TS leads to removal of the outermost horny layer of the skin, resulting in enhanced permeability and maturation and activation of LCs via inflammatory cytokines secreted from keratinocytes. 11,12 The barrier function of the SC can also be bypassed by hydration of the skin, which leads to swelling of the keratinocytes and pooling of fluid into intercellular spaces. This kind of pretreatment of the skin leads to ...

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“…That trauma may induce hair growth by stimulating blood flow in the skin has been suggested [39]. From extensive tumor transplant studies Argyris [30] and Argyris and Trimble [40] concluded that wounding-induced hair growth is not due to blood supply, nerve supply, loss of epidermis or dermis or inflammation. In our experiments any significant inflammatory cell infiltrates in the skin after plucking was unusual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although we were impressed with the minimal cellular infiltrate associated with plucking we recog nize that even a few inflammatory cells could be sufficient to signal and initiate the cycle. More attractive to Argvris [30] and Argvris and Trimble [40] was the notion that wounds pro duce substances that activate or block inhibi tors to follicle growth. Current work supports the fact that wounds release cytokines [41], Clearly, this mechanism may be relevant to hair growth since it is becoming very clear that follicle cells bear many cytokine receptors [13,15,42] and that they respond to growth factors [12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glucocorticoid Effect on Hair Growth Initiation: A Reconsideration

Paus

Dutton²,

Sarba³

1993

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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It has been demonstrated by various workers in the past that glucocorticosteroids block hair growth. Using the mouse model for studying hair growth induction we reexamined the effect of topically applied steroids on hair growth to establish at what stage the steroid block acts. In accord with studies by others, we found that these steroids block hair growth at the point of anagen initiation, but that once the steroid applications are stopped, hair growth starts. Since steroid withdrawal alone did not induce hair growth, it is clear that these steroids do not block, either spontaneous or manipulated, hair growth induction, but they do block, the apparent next step, i.e., hair formation. Moreover, since hair growth could be induced even while the animals were being treated with the steroid, the induction step appears independent of the steroid block-These studies and those of others lead us to conclude that these steroids block the expression of hair-forming genes, but do not interfere with the signal(s) that initiates those genes. This system appears to be ideal for identifying the signals (perhaps, genes) responsible for initiating hair growth.

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Growth Induced by Damage

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Regional Differences in the Growth of Normal and Neoplastic Cells

Regional Differences in the Growth of Normal and Neoplastic Cells

Transcutaneous immunization in mice: Induction of T-helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and protection against human papillomavirus-induced tumors

Glucocorticoid Effect on Hair Growth Initiation: A Reconsideration

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