Growth, Solute Accumulation, and Ion Distribution in Sweet Sorghum under Salt and Drought Stresses in a Brazilian Potiguar Semiarid Area

Queiroz, Gabriela Carvalho Maia de; Medeiros, José Francismar de; Silva, Rodrigo Rafael da; Morais, Francimar Maik da Silva; Sousa, Leonardo Vieira de; Souza, Maria Vanessa Pires de; Santos, Elidayane da Nóbrega; Ferreira, Fagner Nogueira; Silva, Juliana Maria Costa da; Clemente, Maria Isabela Batista; Granjeiro, Jéssica Christie de Castro; Sales, Matheus Nathan de Araújo; Constante, Dárcio Cesar; Nobre, Reginaldo Gomes; Sá, Francisco Vaniés da Silva

doi:10.3390/agriculture13040803

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1). These results are consistent with the reported reductions in the growth and its related traits in pot-grown maize seedlings [64] and field-grown sorghum seedlings [65] under limited water availability. Such defects are mainly attributed to the drought-induced perturbation in water absorption, which increases cell dehydration and inhibits cell division, expansion, and proliferation [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mitigation of drought stress in maize and sorghum by humic acid: differential growth and physiological responses

Abu-Ria,

Elghareeb,

Shukry

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Drought is a major determinant for growth and productivity of all crops, including cereals, and the drought-induced detrimental effects are anticipated to jeopardize world food security under the ongoing global warming scenario. Biostimulants such as humic acid (HA) can improve drought tolerance in many cereals, including maize and sorghum. These two plant species are genetically related; however, maize is more susceptible to drought than sorghum. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying such differential responses to water shortage in the absence and presence of HA, particularly under field conditions, are not fully understood. Results Herein, the effects of priming maize and sorghum seeds in 100 mg L−1 HA on their vegetative growth and physiological responses under increased levels of drought (100%, 80%, and 60% field capacity) were simultaneously monitored in the field. In the absence of HA, drought caused 37.0 and 58.7% reductions in biomass accumulation in maize compared to 21.2 and 32.3% in sorghum under low and high drought levels, respectively. These responses were associated with differential retardation in overall growth, relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic pigments and CO2 assimilation in both plants. In contrast, drought increased root traits as well as H2O2, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage in both species. HA treatment significantly improved the growth of both plant species under well-watered and drought conditions, with maize being more responsive than sorghum. HA induced a 29.2% increase in the photosynthetic assimilation rate in maize compared to 15.0% in sorghum under high drought level. The HA-promotive effects were also associated with higher total chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, RWC, sucrose, total soluble sugars, total carbohydrates, proline, and total soluble proteins. HA also reduced the drought-induced oxidative stress via induction of non-enzymic and enzymic antioxidants at significantly different extents in maize and sorghum. Conclusion The current results identify significant quantitative differences in a set of critical physiological biomarkers underlying the differential responses of field-grown maize and sorghum plants against drought. They also reveal the potential of HA priming as a drought-alleviating biostimulant and as an effective approach for sustainable maize and sorghum production and possibly other crops in drought-affected lands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mitigation of drought stress in maize and sorghum by humic acid: differential growth and physiological responses

Abu-Ria,

Elghareeb,

Shukry

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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“…With the values of these elements' concentrations per fraction of the plants and the dry mass production of each fraction, the contents of the elements in each fraction of the aerial part were calculated. For that, we multiplied the ion concentration by the dry mass of each plant compartment [41].…”

Section: Content Of Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium Chloride and P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Silicon Alone and Combined with Organic Matter and Trichoderma harzianum on Sorghum Yield, Ions Accumulation and Soil Properties under Saline Irrigation

Silva,

Pessoa,

Silva

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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The action of silicon as a salt stress mitigator has been investigated in isolation, and its combined efficacy with other salt stress mitigators needs to be addressed. This work verified whether silicon, in combination with organic matter and Trichoderma harzianum, enhances the production of forage sorghum under saline irrigation and its effects on soil properties. The field experiment was conducted in Parnamirim (PE), a semiarid region of Brazil. Forage sorghum (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf) was irrigated with saline water (3.12 dS m−1) and subjected to the application of non-silicon, silicon alone, and silicon combined with Trichoderma and organic matter over three consecutive cuts (every three months after germination). Silicon applied in combination significantly increased the content of nutrient ions K+, P, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in sorghum leaves, stems, and panicles and increased P content in the soil by 170, 288, and 92% for the first, second, and third cuts, respectively. When silicon was applied in combination, sorghum’s dry and fresh matter (total yield for the three cuts) increased to 62.53 and 182.43 t ha−1, respectively. In summary, applying silicon (Si) combined with Trichoderma and organic matter promotes higher nutrient ion contents in soil and sorghum plants and a higher forage sorghum yield.

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“…This is because, even though it is essential, an excess of the element can cause unpredictable damage to the plant [42]. In this way, potentially toxic ions are retained in the stem and root, showing the efficiency of sorghum in preventing displacement to the leaf depth [41][42][43] and contributing to greater tolerance to saline stress. Therefore, reducing Cl − contents in the leaves with increased EC of water is a mechanism to avoid accumulating toxic levels for the plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Response and Sorghum Production under Water and Saline Stress in a Semi-Arid Environment

et al. 2023

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The increase in water demand in regions with limited good-quality water resources makes it necessary to study the effect of low-quality water on plant metabolism. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water and salt stress on the levels of mineral elements and accumulation of toxic elements Na+ and Cl− in the leaves and their consequences on the production variables of the sorghum cultivar IPA SF-15. The design adopted was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (4 × 4), with four salt concentrations (1.5; 3.0; 4.5, and 6.0 dS m−1) and four irrigation depths (51.3; 70.6; 90.0, and 118.4% of crop evapotranspiration ETc) in three repetitions. To obtain nutrient, sodium, and chlorine contents in the leaf, we collected the diagnosis leaf from six plants per plot. For production data, we performed two harvests at 76 and 95 days after planting (silage point and for sucrose extraction). We evaluated the dry mass, fresh mass yield, and total dry mass for the two cutting periods and applied the F-test at the 5% significance level. There was an effect of water stress but not saline, making it possible to use saline water for sorghum irrigation. As for the toxicity of ions, the plant showed tolerance behavior to Na+ and Cl− ions. The grain filling phase was more sensitive than the final phase of the crop cycle.

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Growth, Solute Accumulation, and Ion Distribution in Sweet Sorghum under Salt and Drought Stresses in a Brazilian Potiguar Semiarid Area

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Mitigation of drought stress in maize and sorghum by humic acid: differential growth and physiological responses

Mitigation of drought stress in maize and sorghum by humic acid: differential growth and physiological responses

Effects of Silicon Alone and Combined with Organic Matter and Trichoderma harzianum on Sorghum Yield, Ions Accumulation and Soil Properties under Saline Irrigation

Ionic Response and Sorghum Production under Water and Saline Stress in a Semi-Arid Environment

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