“…Alternatively, a Grüneisen parameter, γ, is often used to evaluate the anharmonicity of vibrational modes in the solid phase, based on the lattice dynamics, whereas the pressure-induced frequency change (ν p /ν 0 ) is related to the corresponding bulk volume change ( V p / V 0 ) as (ν p /ν 0 ) = ( V p / V 0 ) -γ . For molecular liquids, a pseudo-Grüneisen parameter has been used to explore the relationship between the thermodynamic properties, a parameter that can be derived based on the clustering of liquid molecules. − The relatively small pressure dependences of the peak frequencies in liquid n -heptane merely imply that the localized molecular vibrations investigated in this study have small anharmonicities with respect to compression of intermolecular coordinates.…”