Guidelines for Performing a Comprehensive Transesophageal Echocardiographic

Abstract

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COVID-19 Pneumomediastinum: Possible Role of Transesophageal Echo in Bedside Percutaneous Bicaval Double-Lumen ECMO Cannulation in Children. A Case Report

“…The spatial distribution of these structures favors the concomitant visualization of the SVC and IVC in the MEV ( Figure 2 ). Injection of microbubbles from a femoral vein in conjunction with probe manipulation are useful clues to recognize the IVC in doubtful conditions ( 3 , 7 , 8 ). In this regard, it is useful to recall that the flow from the IVC is deflected toward the foramen ovale by the Eustachian valve, while the bloodstream from the SVC is directed toward the TV.…”

“…Since ALS hampered TTE visualization of the heart, real-time ultrasound control was ensured with a TEE probe (S7-3t, Philips, Cambridge, MA). The linear and uncoiled progression of a 0.35-in., 260-cm-length, straight Amplatz Extra-Stiff guide wire (GW) (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN) was followed on a bicaval mid-esophageal view (MEV): probe in mid-esophageal position with clockwise rotation, transducer angle 70–110° ( 7 , 8 ). To facilitate the advancement of the GW from the superior vena cava (SVC) to the inferior vena cava (IVC), the tip was bent in a hockey stick fashion, with the same angulation as the one between the two vessels.…”

Concomitant pulmonary valve replacement with intracardiac repair for adult tetralogy of Fallot

“…RV outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) was graded according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines for pulmonic stenosis (PS). [ 14 ]…”

A Primer on Multimodal Imaging and Cardiology-Radiology Congenital Heart Interface

“… Echocardiography: Echocardiography is the ideal imaging modality in the pediatric setting and is the most widely used (Table 1). Beyond standard transthoracic echocardiography, fetal echocardiography [18], transesophageal echocardiography [19], intravascular ultrasound, and intracardiac echocardiography are used. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR): CMR is an adjunct to echocardiography (Table 2) and utilized extensively for imaging congenital heart disease, before (Figure 1) and after surgery, (Figure 2 and Figure 3) [20] and in adults [21]. Evaluating the right ventricle using echocardiography becomes particularly difficult in the adult age [20,22].…”

“…Echocardiography: Echocardiography is the ideal imaging modality in the pediatric setting and is the most widely used (Table 1). Beyond standard transthoracic echocardiography, fetal echocardiography [18], transesophageal echocardiography [19], intravascular ultrasound, and intracardiac echocardiography are used.…”