Gust factors for tropical cyclone, monsoon and thunderstorm winds

Shu, Z.R.; Li, Q.S.; He, Yuncheng; Chan, Pak Wai

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2015.02.003

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Comparable results and values have already been observed in other studies, although they not based on such a large sample as that considered in this work (e.g., Orwig and Schroeder, 2007;Holmes et al, 2008;Shu et al, 2015;Solari et al, 2015). Choi and Hidayat (2002), for example, found GF 1 h values between 2.2 and 6.5 for convective winds in open terrain in Singapore.…”

Section: Thunderstorm or Convective Gust Factorsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Mohr

Kunz

Richter

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Due to the small-scale and non-stationary nature of the convective wind gusts usually associated with thunderstorms, there is a considerable lack of knowledge regarding their characteristics and statistics. In an effort to remedy this situation, we investigated in this study a set of 110 climate stations of the German Weather Service between 1992 and 2014 to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution, intensity, and occurrence probability of convective gusts.Similar to thunderstorm activity, the frequency of convective gusts decreases gradually from southern to northern Germany. No further spatial structures, such as a relation to orography or climate conditions, can be identified regarding their strength or likelihood. Rather, high wind speeds of above 30 m s −1 can be expected everywhere in Germany with almost similar occurrence probabilities. A comparison of the 20-year return values of convective gusts with those of turbulent gusts demonstrates that the latter have higher frequencies, especially in northern Germany. However, for higher return periods, this effect can be reversed at some stations.The values of the convective gust factors are mainly in a range between 1 and 4 but can even reach values up to 10. Besides the dependency from the averaging time period of the mean wind, the values of the gust factors additionally depend on the event duration and the storm type, respectively.

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Section: Thunderstorm or Convective Gust Factorsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Several studies have already shown that convective gust factors are usually larger than those of turbulent gusts Chay et al, 2008;Holmes et al, 2008;Lombardo et al, 2014;Shu et al, 2015;Solari et al, 2015). Choi and Hidayat (2002), for example, found values between 2.2 and 6.5 for convective gusts in open terrain in Singapore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Mohr

Kunz

Richter

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Comparable results and values have already been observed in other studies, which, however, were not based on such a large sample as that considered in this work (e. g. Orwig and Schroeder, 2007;Holmes et al, 2008;Shu et al, 2015;Solari et al, 2015). Choi and Hidayat (2002), for example, found GF 1hr values between 2.2 and 6.5 for convective winds in open terrain in Singapore.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Mohr¹,

Kunz²,

Richter³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Due to the small-scale and non-stationary nature of the convective wind gusts usually associated with thunderstorms, there is a considerable lack of knowledge regarding their characteristics and statistics. In an effort to remedy this situation, we investigated in this study a set of 110 climate stations of the German Weather Service between 1992 and 2014 to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution, intensity, and occurrence probability of convective gusts.Similar to thunderstorm activity, the frequency of convective gusts decreases gradually from South to North Germany. No 5 further spatial structures, such as a relation to orography or climate conditions, can be identified regarding their strength or likelihood. Rather, high wind speeds of above 30 m s −1 can be expected everywhere in Germany with almost similar occurrence probabilities. A comparison of the 20-year return values of convective gusts with those of turbulent gusts demonstrates that the latter have higher frequencies, especially in northern Germany. However, for higher return periods, this effect can be reversed at some stations. 10The values of the convective gust factors are mainly in a range between 1 and 4 but can even reach values up to 10. Besides the dependency from the averaging time period of the mean wind, the values of the gust factors additionally depend on the event duration and the storm type, respectively.

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“…The local weather system is jointly affected by the land mass to its north, and the ocean to its south. Notwithstanding Hong Kong's relatively small territory of about 1,100 km 2 , region‐to‐region variability in the characteristics of meteorological elements can be sometimes apparent, which is mainly attributed to the existence of pronounced orographic effect (He et al ., 2013; Shu et al ., 2015a; 2015b; Yan et al ., 2020). Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) has established a comprehensive observation network to better monitor the potential trend and long‐term variability in various meteorological elements.…”

Section: Site Description and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of daily rainfall variability in Hong Kong: A nonlinear dynamic perspective

Shu

Chan

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Modelling and forecasting of rainfall behaviour are of essential importance in various hydrological and meteorological studies, which depends largely on properly understanding the underlying rainfall dynamics. In this paper, 20-years (i.e., 2000-2019) measurements of daily rainfall data at 6 rain gauge stations in Hong Kong were analysed in the framework of nonlinear dynamic analysis. Phase space reconstruction (PSR), recurrence plot (RP) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) were carried out to identify and characterize the chaotic nature of rainfall dynamics. The results of this study underscore the complex processes and variability that is associated with Hong Kong's rainfall data. The existence of chaos in rainfall process was well recognized across various stations. The rainfall dynamics were further investigated with respect to its inter-annual and monthly variability. The dependence of rainfall dynamics on different temporal scales was likewise examined, which indicates that the rainfall dynamics at finer resolution are less complex than those at coarser resolution, thus the consequent rainfall variability is less pronounced.

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Gust factors for tropical cyclone, monsoon and thunderstorm winds

Cited by 47 publications

References 35 publications

Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Statistical characteristics of convective wind gusts in Germany

Characterization of daily rainfall variability in Hong Kong: A nonlinear dynamic perspective

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