Gut–liver axis: Menace in the microbiota

Scott, Andrew

doi:10.1038/d41586-017-06924-3

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The sieve pore properties of sinusoidal endothelium expose the liver to microbes and food antigens that constantly come from the gastrointestinal tract through the portal vein [ 66 – 68 ]. The liver needs to ensure that it does not cause excessive inflammatory activation while eliminating invasive pathogens [ 69 – 71 ].…”

Section: Unique Features Of Lsecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

He,

Dong

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are highly specialized endothelial cells that represent the interface between blood cells on one side and hepatocytes on the other side. LSECs not only form a barrier within the hepatic sinus, but also play important physiological functions such as regulating hepatic vascular pressure, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic. Pathologically, pathogenic factors can induce LSECs capillarization, that is, loss of fenestra and dysfunction, which are conducive to early steatosis, lay the foundation for the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and accelerate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and liver fibrosis. The unique localization, phenotype, and function of LSECs make them potential candidates for reducing liver injury, inflammation, and preventing or reversing fibrosis in the future.

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Section: Unique Features Of Lsecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

He,

Dong

et al. 2024

Cell Commun Signal

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“…Microbial dysbiosis is a characteristic of liver diseases, including ALD. Excessive alcohol consumption could leads to the destruction of the intestinal epithelial barrier, increased permeability of the intestinal wall, and the entry of a large amount of endotoxin into the circulatory system ( Scott, 2017 ). Bacterial endotoxin LPS is a prototype microbial derived inflammatory signal that can promote inflammation of ALD by activating Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) ( Szabo, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of intestinal microflora and metabolites of Penthorum chinense Pursh on alcoholic liver disease

Zhang,

Cui,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was the second leading cause of liver injury. Penthorum chinense Pursh (GHC) is an important Miao ethnic drug of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver disease, but the pathogenesis is not clear.Aim of the study: To analysis the intestinal microflora and metabolic pathway of GHC on ALD mice.Methods: An HPLC-QTOF-MS method was used to identified the components from GHC extract, firstly. 60 mice were divided into six groups including blank group, model group, positive group and GHC groups (0.29, 0.87 and 2.61 g/kg). ALD mice was treated with GHC for 12 days. ALT, AST, TC and TG in serum were determined, liver index and pathological analysis were achieved. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the intestinal microbial diversity. Finally, UPLC-QTOF-MS was used to analysis the metabolic pathways.Results: 38 ingredients were identified in GHC extract. Compared with the model group, liver index of the positive group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group was significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, contents of ALT, AST, TC and TG of GHC groups reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Intestinal microbial diversity analysis indicated that Chao1, Observed species, Pielou_e, and Shannon indexes in GHC group (2.61 g/kg) were lower than those in model group. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that the intestinal microbial composition between blank group and model group, the model group and GHC (2.61 g/kg) group changed significantly. Compared with the model group, proportion of Firmicutes decreased, and the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased significantly in GHC group, which were 50.84% and 40.15%. The more prominent bacteria in the GHC group were odoribacteraceae, turicibacter, deferribacteraceae, and the intestinal beneficial symbiotic bacteria mucispirillum. Metabolic analysis indicated that, compared with blank group, 90 metabolites in model group changed significantly, and 68 metabolites were significantly callback in GHC group.Discussion: GHC has a therapeutic effect on ALD by regulating intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic pathways including Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Butanoate metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.

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“…Some evidence suggests that NAFLD might play a part in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease through the systemic release of several inflammatory ( 17 ), hemostatic, and oxidative stress mediators or by contributing to atherogenic dyslipidemia ( 11 ). Recent years, with the exploration of liver-gut microbiome axis ( 18 ), the potential role of gut microbiomes in liver disease was paid attention on. Recent studies showed that NAFLD and its severity were associated with a high abundance of inflammatory bacterial products ( 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolome in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Complicated With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Rationale: Patients suffering from coronary artery disease (CAD) complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) present worse cardiovascular outcomes than CAD patients without NAFLD. The progression of CAD is recently reported to be associated with gut microbiota and microbe-derived metabolites. However, it remains unclear how the complication of NAFLD will affect gut microbiota and microbe-derived metabolites in CAD patients, and whether or not this interplay is related to the worse cardiovascular outcomes in CAD-NAFLD patients.Methods: We performed 16S rRNA sequencing and serum metabolomic analysis in 27 CAD patients with NAFLD, 81 CAD patients without NAFLD, and 24 matched healthy volunteers. Predicted functional profiling was achieved using PICRUSt2. The occurrence of cardiovascular events was assessed by a follow-up study. The association of alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolome with adverse cardiovascular events and clinical indicators was revealed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results: We discovered that the complication of NAFLD was associated with worse clinical outcomes in CAD patients and critical serum metabolome shifts. We identified 25 metabolite modules that were correlated with poor clinical outcome in CAD-NAFLD patients compared with non-NAFLD patients, represented by increased cardiac-toxic metabolites including prochloraz, brofaromine, aristolochic acid, triethanolamine, and reduced potentially beneficial metabolites including estradiol, chitotriose, palmitelaidic acid, and moxisylyte. In addition, the gut microbiome of individuals with CAD-NAFLD was changed and characterized by increased abundances of Oscillibacter ruminantium and Dialister invisus, and decreased abundances of Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, Bacteroides ovatus and Prevotella copri. PICRUSt2 further confirmed an increase of potential pathogenic bacteria in CAD-NAFLD. Moreover, we found that variations of gut microbiota were critically correlated with changed circulating metabolites and clinical outcomes, which revealed that aberrant gut microbiota in CAD-NAFLD patients may sculpt a detrimental metabolome which results in adverse cardiovascular outcomes.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CAD patients complicated with NAFLD result in worse clinical outcomes possibly by modulating the features of the gut microbiota and circulating metabolites. We introduce “liver-gut microbiota-heart axis” as a possible mechanism underlying this interrelationship. Our study provides new insights on the contribution of gut microbiota heterogeneity to CAD-NAFLD progression and suggests novel strategies for disease therapy.

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Gut–liver axis: Menace in the microbiota

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

Role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

Regulation of intestinal microflora and metabolites of Penthorum chinense Pursh on alcoholic liver disease

Alterations of Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolome in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Complicated With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes

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