Gut microbiota correlates with fiber and apparent nutrients digestion in goose

Abstract

To explore the relationship among the level of fiber, gut microbiota, and nutritional substances, we applied the next generation sequencing technology for the identification of the composition and structure of microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, a total of 25 phyla and 298 genera were identified from the gastrointestinal tract; Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla. The ability of cecum in carbohydrate metabolism was significantly higher than that of the gizzard and ileum (P < 0.05). The bacterial community structure in various stages of the development of the cecum was different. In the different growth stages of cecum, the increase in the microbiota structure of the fiber level elevates the ability of carbon hydration. Second, the apparent metabolic rates of the other nutrients were affected by the fiber and period except for acid detergent fiber (P < 0.05); the apparent utilization rate of the nutrients increased with time. However, with the increase in the fiber level, the apparent utilization of nutrients was initially increased, followed by a decrease. Therefore, a correlation was established between the fiber level and gastrointestinal microbiota and apparent nutrient utilization rate of the 3 phyla. Our results suggest that the fiber level and growth stages could impact the composition of gut microbiota.

The intestinal microbial composition in Greylag geese differs with steatosis induction mode: spontaneous or induced by overfeeding

“…As previously described in domesticated geese [15,[35][36][37], and in birds in general [38], Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (> 70% of sequences in all groups) were the two main phyla in the Greylag goose (Anser anser) ileal microbiota. Microbial composition did however strongly differ according to the steatosis induction system.…”

High-temperature exposure alters the community structure and functional features of the intestinal microbiota in Shaoxing ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…As an important part of the body, the gut microbiota plays vital roles in feed digestion ( Yang et al., 2017 , Liu et al., 2018 ), nutrition absorption ( Krajmalnik-Brown et al., 2012 , Semova et al., 2012 ), energy extraction ( Turnbaugh et al., 2006 , Heiss and Olofsson, 2018 ), immune response ( Furusawa et al., 2013 , Takiishi et al., 2017 ), and disease resistance ( Mazmanian et al., 2008 , Smith et al., 2013 ). Previous reports have shown that the gut microbial composition can be altered by various factors such as environmental temperature ( Fontaine et al., 2018 ), diet ( David et al., 2014 ), age ( O'Toole and Jeffery, 2015 ), disease ( McKenzie et al., 2017 ), and drugs ( Modi et al., 2014 ).…”

Different Non-cage Housing Systems Alter Duodenal and Cecal Microbiota Composition in Shendan Chickens

“…Interestingly, the abundances of Proteobacteria and Kiritimatiellaeota in the cecum were significantly higher in the LRS, while the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the cecum was significantly higher in the NRS (Figure 5A), whereas these phyla showed no difference in the duodenum between the two housing systems. The role of Proteobacteria in apparent nutrient digestion has been frequently been reported to be associated with cellulose activity (30), while Kiritimatiellaeota is a newly described phylum, and little is known about its members. Spring et al (31) showed that Kiritimatiella glycovorans L21-Fru-ABT fermented xylose to ethanol and acetate but was not able to utilize starch, sucrose, or fructose.…”