H-Clinoptilolite as an Efficient and Low-Cost Adsorbent for Batch and Continuous Gallium Removal from Aqueous Solutions

Sáez, Patricia; Rodrı́guez, A.; Gómez, J. M. G.; Paramio, C.; Fraile, C. Del Ser; Díez, Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s40831-021-00437-0

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…According to ASTM C 618: 2022 [ 39 ], for the zeolite to be considered a natural pozzolan, the total content of SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3 + Fe 2 O 3 should be at least 70%. Moreover, the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratio greater than 4.0 confirms the Clinoptilolite type of the zeolite [ 40 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pore Structure in Cement Pastes with Micronized Natural Zeolite

et al. 2023

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The continuous development of urban areas around the world led to an increase in construction material use and demand, with concrete seeing significant market uptake. Although significant progress has been made to reduce the environmental impact of concrete, there is still a stringent need for improvement. One of the most widely used methods to reduce the environmental impact of the cement industry and the construction industry alike is the replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Aside from by-products of industry, SCMs could also come from natural sources. Taking into account the porous structure of zeolites and their contribution to the improvement of the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based materials, the analysis of pore structure in cement pastes incorporating micronized natural zeolite is deemed necessary. In this research, the OPC was replaced by zeolite in three different percentages: 10%, 20%, and 30% by mass. The evolution of pore structure was investigated by means of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry at the curing ages of 1, 7, and 28 days. The microstructure of cement pastes was assessed by scanning electron microscopy investigations at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The obtained results show that smaller pore sizes are present in cement pastes containing zeolites during the first 7 days. However, at the age of 28 days, the reference mix exhibits a similar pore structure to the mix containing 10% micronized zeolite due to the presence of larger amounts of hydration products. Increasing the replacement percentage to 30% results in larger pores, as indicated by larger values of the relaxation time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pore Structure in Cement Pastes with Micronized Natural Zeolite

et al. 2023

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“…Zeolite is an appealing option for the adsorption of many contaminants found in water because of its ionexchange capacity. It is most frequently employed in pharmaceuticals for different kinds of drug synthesis and environmental technology for the removal of heavy metals, dyes, and surfactants [21][22][23]. Unfortunately, the porosity and surface area of natural CLN are low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Clinoptilolite for the Removal of Rhodamine B Dye from Wastewater

Shah,

Khitab,

Rasool

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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This study reveals the modification of the surface area of natural zeolite Clinoptilolite (CLN) by implementing the ion exchange method. The ammonium chloride cation exchange method was adopted and was followed by calcination at 450 °C for 5 h. This procedure helps to increase the surface area of CLN and also enhances its adsorption efficiency. The modifications of the CLN were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The efficiency and adsorption capacity of the modified CLN were determined by the adsorption of a Rhodamine B (Rh B) dye from an aqueous medium. The comparative analysis of the adsorption efficiency of raw CLN and the modified CLN revealed an enhanced adsorption of Rh B by the modified CLN at pH = 10. For desorption, different solvents were used. The results showed good desorption in ethanol and methanol, and poor desorption in acidic (HCl) and basic (NaOH) solutions. The kinetic study of the adsorption of Rh B by the modified CLN helped us to conclude that the adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order kinetics. For the surface study and to understand the mechanism of adsorption, several isotherm models were applied to the adsorption data at equilibrium. The data showed consistency with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm confirming that the process took place at its heterogeneous surface. The experimentally calculated adsorption capacity of the modified CLN was 2.81 mg g−1, showing a comparable value to certain other common adsorbents. Therefore, the modified CLN may also be considered a cost-effective and promising adsorbent for the removal of Rh B dye from wastewater.

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“…In the case of gallium recovery, even the most recently proposed processes do not achieve a quantitative recovery. Thus, algae-based sorbents [ 8 ], biogenic elemental tellurium nanoparticles [ 9 ], synthetic zinc refinery residues [ 10 ] and H-clinoptilolite [ 11 ] have been successfully used as adsorbents. The reported removal efficiencies were, on average, 80% at low gallium concentrations (60% and 85% at 35 °C and 69 °C, respectively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a Simple Magnetic Adsorbent for the Preconcentration and Determination of Ga(III) and In(III) by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

et al. 2023

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A solid-phase dispersive microextraction procedure has been developed using ferrite (Fe3O4), an inexpensive magnetic material, as an adsorbent for the separation and subsequent determination of Ga(III) and In(III). The ions were removed from an aqueous solution by adsorption on Fe3O4, which was next easily collected from the medium by the action of a magnet. The analytes were then desorbed using 50 µL of 2 M NaOH or 50 µL of a 4:1 mixture of 0.1 M EDTA and 2 M HNO3 for the determination of Ga(III) or In(III), respectively. The level of the elements in the desorption phase was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) by injecting 10 µL of this phase into the atomizer. The enrichment factor was 163, and detection limits of 0.02 and 0.01 µg L−1 were achieved for Ga(III) and In(III), respectively. The reliability of the procedure has been verified by means of standard reference materials and by means of standard additions. Results are given for waters, soils and samples obtained from various electronic devices. It is of note that the procedure could be the basis for a useful way of recovering these valuable elements from different matrices for reuse.

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H-Clinoptilolite as an Efficient and Low-Cost Adsorbent for Batch and Continuous Gallium Removal from Aqueous Solutions

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Analysis of Pore Structure in Cement Pastes with Micronized Natural Zeolite

Analysis of Pore Structure in Cement Pastes with Micronized Natural Zeolite

Modified Clinoptilolite for the Removal of Rhodamine B Dye from Wastewater

Using a Simple Magnetic Adsorbent for the Preconcentration and Determination of Ga(III) and In(III) by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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