H2S Donor and Bone Metabolism

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recognized as the third gasotransmitter, following nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, and it exerts important biological effects in the body. Growing evidence has shown that H2S is involved in many physiological processes in the body. In recent years, much research has been carried out on the role of H2S in bone metabolism. Bone metabolic diseases have been linked to abnormal endogenous H2S functions and metabolism. It has been found that H2S plays an important role in the regulation of bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Regulation of H2S on bone metabolism has many interacting signaling pathways at the molecular level, which play an important role in bone formation and absorption. H2S releasing agents (donors) have achieved significant effects in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. In addition, H2S donors and related drugs have been widely used as research tools in basic biomedical research and may be explored as potential therapeutic agents in the future. Donors are used to study the mechanism and function of H2S as they release H2S through different mechanisms. Although H2S releasers have biological activity, their function can be inconsistent. Additionally, donors have different H2S release capabilities, which could lead to different effects. Side effects may form with the formation of H2S; however, it is unclear whether these side effects affect the biological effects of H2S. Therefore, it is necessary to study H2S donors in detail. In this review, we summarize the current information about H2S donors related to bone metabolism diseases and discuss some mechanisms and biological applications.

Activatable Probes for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous BiomarkersIn Vivo

“…H 2 S is a key gas transmitter in the human body, but the abnormality of H 2 S can lead to a series of diseases. − For example, the overexpressed cystathionine-β-synthase in colorectal cancer tissue results in relatively high levels of H 2 S. − Therefore, monitoring H 2 S levels in living organisms is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. He and co-workers designed a H 2 S-responsive meso -benzoyloxyltricarboheptamethine cyanine probe (named HS-CyBz) with FL and PA dual-ratiometric imaging based on the keto–enol transition sensing mechanism .…”

Therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide in osteoarthritis development

“…Compared with Na 2 S and NaHS, GYY4137 releases H 2 S at a slow and continuous rate. When GYY4137 was administered to rats, the plasma concentration of H 2 S peaked 30 min later and remained for 3 h. This indicates that GYY4137 releases H 2 S much more gradually than sulfide, allowing for sustained release (Hao et al, 2021). GYY4137, a H 2 S sustained-release donor with low cytotoxicity, is known for its relative stability.…”

An H2S‐BMP6 Dual‐Loading System with Regulating Yap/Taz and Jun Pathway for Synergistic Critical Limb Ischemia Salvaging Therapy

“…The delivery of H 2 S requires carriers, mainly including sulfide salt, 1,2‐dithiole‐3‐thiones, NaHS, and GYY4137. [ 11 ] Compared with other donors, GYY4137 showed the advantage of slow‐releasing property. [ 12 ] As an exogenous H 2 S donor, GYY4137 was reported to promote vasodilatation and stimulate angiogenesis in the vasculature.…”