Haematological and antioxidant enzyme response to Lead toxicity in male Wistar rats

Abstract

The study evaluated the haematological and some antioxidant enzymes response to lead toxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups viz., A, B, C and D. Group A served as the control while groups B, C and D were treated with 200, 300 and 400 ppm of lead (Pb) as lead acetate, respectively. Doses were orally administered in divided doses by intubation to ensure that each rat had the specified doses, after which they have access to water and feed. At the end of two weeks of treatment, blood samples were collected via the median canthus into heparinised tubes for blood lead determination and haematological analysis after which the remaining blood was centrifuged to obtain the plasma for determination of malonydialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase levels. There was a significant increase in blood lead concentrations ranging from 2.15±0.10 µg/dl to 9.21±0.05 µg/dl which was dose dependent while decreases in packed cell volume and the red blood cell counts ranging from 32-53% and 15-52%,respectively. At the highest dose of 400 ppm of lead there was significant decrease in the neutrophils and lymphocytes. There was significant (P<0.05) dose dependent increases in malondialdehyde while the activities of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly (P<0.05) reduced. In conclusion, lead disrupts the haematological system leading to generation of free radicals that overwhelm the antioxidant enzymes thus leading to oxidative stress.

Lipid changes in male Albino rats exposed to graded doses of Lead

“…Blood or blood constituents are the best indicators of internal exposure of an individual to lead. The result in table 1 shows an increase in the blood lead concentrations which was consistent with earlier findings of Moussa and Bashandy (2008), Okediran et al, (2017) who reported that absorbed lead following oral ingestion is carried via blood to soft tissues and 95 % of blood lead is transported in erythrocyte as lead diphosphate. Therefore, accumulation of lead in the body could lead to destructive impacts in haematic, gastrointestinal and renal system (Correia et al, 2000).…”

Lead-induced increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and malondialdehyde concentration in Wistar rats: Chemo-protective effects of flavonoid mixture

“…Exposure to lead may alter antioxidant defense mechanism, which results in an imbalance Groups between radical-generating and radical-scavenging activities, and consequently, the formation of oxidation products. The finding of elevation in MDA concentration in lead exposed animals is consistent with the result obtained in previous studies (Aksu et al, 2012;Nisar et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013;Okediran et al, 2017), verifying that exposure to lead causes an increase in MDA concentration. The significant increase in MDA concentration produced by exposure to lead suggests an increase in lipid peroxidation, which is an indicator to increased levels of free radicals in the serum and tissues of lead exposed rats.…”

Antioxidant and Nephroprotective Effects of Okra Pods Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) against Lead Acetate-Induced Toxicity in Mice

“…Surprisingly, it has not been closely investigated. Some published studies have discovered that natural antioxidants have an important role in abating oxidative stress caused by lead in animals [12]. In the present study, we focused on the extract of okra pods as a natural antioxidant.…”