Halobacillus campisalis sp. nov., containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, and emended description of the genus Halobacillus

Abstract

Halobacillus campisalis sp. nov., containing mesodiaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, and emended description of the genus Halobacillus T was found to have cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid instead of L-ornithine, as found in other members of the genus Halobacillus. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to determine the exact taxonomic position of strain ASL-17T by a polyphasic characterization that included determination of the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, detailed phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and genetic analysis. Strain ASL-17T was isolated from a sediment collected from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea, Korea, by means of the dilution-plating technique at 30 u C on marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) supplemented with 8 % (w/v) NaCl. The type strains of nine Halobacillus species were used as reference strains for DNA-DNA hybridization: H. T and H. yeomjeoni MSS-402 T were obtained in our laboratory (Yoon et al., 2003(Yoon et al., , 2004(Yoon et al., , 2005; and H. aidingensis JCM 12771T and H. dabanensis JCM 12772T were obtained from the Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM), Saitama, Japan.The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of strain ASL-17 T were investigated using routine cultivation on MA supplemented with 6 % (w/v) NaCl at 37 u C. Cell morphology was examined by light microscopy (Nikon E600) and transmission electron microscopy. Flagellation was determined by using a Philips CM-20 transmission electron microscope with cells from exponentially growing cultures: for this purpose, the cells were negatively stained with 1 % (w/v) phosphotungstic acid and the grids were examined after being air-dried. Growth under anaerobic conditions wasThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain T is EF486356.

Halobacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in Fuente de Piedra, southern Spain

“…At the time of writing, the genus comprises 13 species with validly published names, with the addition of Halobacillus salinus (Yoon et al, 2003), H. karajensis (Amoozegar et al, 2003), H. locisalis (Yoon et al, 2004), H. yeomjeoni (Yoon et al, 2005), H. dabanensis and H. aidingensis (Liu et al, 2005), H. profundi and H. kuroshimensis (Hua et al, 2007), H. campisalis (Yoon et al, 2007) and H. faecis .…”

“…The isolate grew optimally at 37 6C and in presence of 10 % NaCl; no growth was observed in the absence of NaCl. The genus Halobacillus can be differentiated clearly from other related genera based on the cell-wall peptidoglycan type based on L-Orn-D-Asp (Spring et al, 1996;Shida et al, 1997;Yoon et al, 2001), with the exception of that for H. campisalis, which is based on meso-diaminopimelic acid (Yoon et al, 2007). The aim of the present study was to determine the exact taxonomic status of a halophilic bacterial strain, FP5 T , by using a polyphasic approach, including phenotypic properties, lipid analyses, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and levels of genotypic relatedness.…”

Sediminibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterium from a hypersaline lake

“…Halobacillus campisalis is the only Halobacillus species with a cell-wall type based on meso-diaminopimelic acid (Yoon et al, 2007); however, this species is related distantly to our isolate (95.6 % gene sequence similarity). The isoprenoid quinones detected in strain EN8d…”

“…Subsequently, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses have shown that neutrophilic, moderately halophilic bacteria constitute several phylogenetically distinct lineages scattered throughout the genus Bacillus (Ash et al, 1991), described as the genera Halobacillus (Spring et al, 1996), Virgibacillus (Heyndrickx et al, 1998), Gracilibacillus (Wainø et al, 1999), Filobacillus (Schlesner et al, 2001), Oceanobacillus (Lu et al, 2001), Lentibacillus (Yoon et al, 2002), Thalassobacillus (García et al, 2005), Pontibacillus (Lim et al, 2005), Ornithinibacillus (Mayr et al, 2006), Terribacillus (An et al, 2007a), Salsuginibacillus (Carrasco et al, 2007), Tenuibacillus (Ren & Zhou, 2007), Piscibacillus (Tanasupawat et al, 2007) and Salimicrobium (Yoon et al, 2007). In this study, we describe a novel moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterial strain, EN8d T , isolated from Lake Erliannor, located in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.…”

Bacillus persepolensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake

“…The moderately halophilic species belonging to the genus Bacillus are Bacillus aurantiacus (Borsodi et al, 2008), Bacillus chagannorensis (Carrasco et al, 2007a), Bacillus coahuilensis (Cerritos et al, 2008), Bacillus isabeliae (Albuquerque et al, 2008), Bacillus oshimensis (Yumoto et al, 2005), Bacillus polygoni (Aino et al, 2008), Bacillus qingdaonensis (Wang et al, 2007), Bacillus salarius (Lim et al, 2006c) and Bacillus taeanensis (Lim et al, 2006a). Other genera related phylogenetically to the genus Bacillus that include moderately halophilic species are Alkalibacillus Usami et al, 2007), Aquisalibacillus (Márquez et al, 2008), Filobacillus (Schlesner et al, 2001), Gracilibacillus (Wainø et al, 1999;Carrasco et al, 2006;Jeon et al, 2008), Halalkalibacillus (Echigo et al, 2007), Halobacillus (Spring et al, 1996;Amoozegar et al, 2003;Yoon et al, 2003Yoon et al, , 2005Yoon et al, , 2007aYoon et al, , 2008Liu et al, 2005;An et al, 2007b;Hua et al, 2007;Romano et al, 2008;Soto-Ramírez et al, 2008), Halolactibacillus (Cao et al, 2008), Lentibacillus (Yoon et al, 2002;Namwong et al, 2005;Pakdeeto et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2008), Marinibacillus (Yoon et al, 2004a), Oceanobacillus (Lee et al, 2006), Piscibacillus , Pontibacillus , Salimicrobium (Ventosa et al, 1989;Yoon et al, 2007b), Salinibacillus …”