A Gram-stain-positive actinobacterial strain, Miq-4 T , was isolated from soil around Meighan wetland in the centre of Iran. Strain Miq-4 T was strictly aerobic, catalase-and oxidase-positive. The isolate grew in the presence of 3-15 % (w/v) NaCl, at 20-40 8C and pH 6.0-11.0. The optimum NaCl, temperature and pH for growth were 7.0 %, 30 8C and 7.0-8.5, respectively. The cell wall of strain Miq-4 T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid and glucose and ribose as the whole-cell sugars. The polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. Strain Miq-4 T synthesized cellular fatty acids of anteiso-and iso-branched types, including anteiso-C 17 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 and iso-C 16 : 0 , and the major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H 4). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and characteristic patterns of 16S rRNA gene signature nucleotides revealed that strain Miq-4 T belongs to the family Glycomycetaceae and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity with Haloglycomyces albus YIM 92370 T (94.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain Miq-4 T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Glycomycetaceae, for which the name Salininema proteoliyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is Miq-4 T (5IBRC-M 10908 T 5LMG 28391 T). An emended description of the family Glycomycetaceae is also proposed in order to include features of the new genus. At the time of writing, the family Glycomycetaceae consists of three genera, namely Glycomyces (Labeda et al., 1985), Stackebrandtia (Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2005) and Haloglycomyces (Guan et al., 2009), comprising aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-acid-fast, non-motile actinomycetes that contain meso-diaminopimelic acid and ribose as the diamino acid and diagnostic sugar, respectively. Here we describe the taxonomic characterization of strain Miq-4 T using a polyphasic approach and propose the strain represents a novel genus and species of actinomycete. In the course of our investigation on the biodiversity of actinomycetes from saline and hypersaline environments Abbreviation: ISP, International Streptomyces Project. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Miq-4 T is KP162267. Four supplementary figures are available with the online Supplementary Material.