Handgrip strength—A risk indicator for type 2 diabetes: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational cohort studies

Kunutsor, Setor K; Isiozor, Nzechukwu M.; Khan, Hassan; Laukkanen, Jari A.

doi:10.1002/dmrr.3365

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition, another study has shown that relative handgrip strength at baseline can also predict pre-DM [ 6 ]. A recent meta-analysis based on 10 observational cohort studies suggested that handgrip strength may be a risk indicator for type-2 diabetes [ 7 ]. In response to these findings, there have been suggestions that fat free mass (FFM) rather than BMI should be used to modify the handgrip strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational study: handgrip strength, body composition and diabetes mellitus

et al. 2021

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Objective Previous studies have shown that relative handgrip strength, handgrip measure divided by body mass index (BMI), affects the future onset of diabetes and prediabetes. However, fat free mass (FFM) has been suggested to adjust for this effect better than BMI. In this study, we examined applicability of models that adjusted handgrip-diabetes relationship with either BMI or FFM. Results Of 1940 participants (56.2% male, average (SD) age, 57.2 [11.2] years), 267 (13.8%) had diabetes (DM) and 912 (47.0%) had prediabetes (pre-DM). The average handgrip measure for men was 40.0 kg (tertile measures, 37.4 kg and 42.5 kg) and for women 24.2 kg (tertile measures, 22.6 kg and 25.7 kg). Among both sexes, the percentage of people unaffected by DM or pre-DM was highest in the strong handgrip group and lowest in the weak handgrip group. Analysis using binary logistic models showed that an increase in handgrip measure was associated with a decrease in the chance of having either pre-DM or DM. This effect was detected by both BMI models and FFM models, even after adjustment for medical and lifestyle factors. Either or both should be used depending on the research aims, setting and methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational study: handgrip strength, body composition and diabetes mellitus

et al. 2021

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“…당뇨병은 비만과 강한 관계성을 보여주는 동시에 [27,28], 대사이상과 신경장애에 따른 근위축 및 근기능의 저하를 특성으로 갖는 질환으로 알려져 있다 [29,30]. 또한, Park et al [31] [32,33]. 또한 악력의 세기와 [19,34] 당뇨병 유병률 [5]…”

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Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Korean Adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014-2018

Hong¹,

Byeon²,

Ji³

et al. 2021

Exerc Sci

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PURPOSE: The study aimed to examine whether handgrip strength (HGS) expressed as absolute or relative to body weight is associated with fasting glucose (FG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in different age categories.METHODS:A total of 28,129 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2014-2018 was analyzed. To examine the relationship between HGS and variables related to DM, participants were categorized into three groups according to their HGS (Tertile). Then, participants were further categorized into six groups according to their age. One-way ANOVA and logistic regression analyses were performed.RESULTS: Compared with participants in the upper tertile of absolute handgrip strength (AHGS), those in the lower tertile were older, shorter and heavier and also had higher FG and HbA1c. When age was adjusted, the prevalence of DM was 1.19 times (95% CI: 1.03-1.38) higher among men in the lowest tertile of AHGS. On the other hand, compared with participants in the highest tertile of relative handgrip strength (RHGS), those in the lowest tertile had 2.10 times (95% CI: 1.87-2.41) and 2.42 times (95% CI: 2.08-2.81) higher prevalence of DM in men and women, respectively. When the associations were examined according to age subcategories, significant associations between AHGS and the prevalence of DM were seen only in men in their 50s and 60s, but not seen in women in all age groups, with the exception of the 60s. However, significant associations between RHGS and the prevalence of DM were seen in all age subcategories.CONCLUSIONS:We concluded that the association between HGS and the prevalence of DM was dependent on age and RHGS is a stonger measure than AHGS.

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“…However, in a meta-analysis of 10 observational cohort studies, the pooled fully-adjusted relative risk of incident T2DM in the higher tertile of HGS values had a 0.73-fold lower risk. 36 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalized Hand Grip and Back Muscle Strength as Risk Factors for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 16 Years of Follow-Up in a Population-Based Cohort Study

Jeon¹,

Lee²,

Shin³

2021

DMSO

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Purpose Muscle strength is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is controversial whether muscle strength and normalized muscle strength is a risk factor for T2DM. Moreover, the relationship of back muscle strength (BMS) and incident T2DM has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the relationship between HGS, BMS, normalized HGS and BMS, and incident T2DM. Methods A total of 2699 non-diabetes subjects aged 40–69 years (1313 women and 1386 men) in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Ansan cohort were followed for 16 years. At the baseline and biennial follow‐up visits, fasting glucose, postprandial 2-h glucose, clinical examinations, HGS, and BMS were measured by trained interviewers and examiners. HGS and BMS were measured at baseline. The relationships between incident T2DM, HGS, BMS, and normalized HGS and BMS were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models after adjusting for the confounding factors. Results HGS and BMS were not associated with incident T2DM in multivariate analysis. However, the hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation (SD) increase in the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR)-normalized HGS, and BMS was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM in both women and men after adjusting for the confounding factors (HR = 0.842–0.880-fold for women, p ≤ 0.015; HR = 0.887–0.903-fold for men, p ≤ 0.024). In the sub-analysis of menopause status, the HR per one SD increase in BMI, weight 2/3 , WC, and WHR-normalized HGS was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM in both pre- and post-menopausal women after adjusting for the confounding factors (HR = 0.860–0.820-fold for premenopausal, P ≤ 0.006; HR = 0.900–0.867-fold for postmenopausal, p ≤ 0.024). Additionally, we confirmed that the quartile group with higher muscle strength was associated with a lower risk for incident T2DM. Conclusion The present study suggested that normalized HGS and BMS were associated with a lower risk for the future development of T2DM. Moreover, weak muscle strength in premenopausal women may be the cause of T2DM. Further research is needed to determine whether efforts to improve muscle strength, such as exercise can reduce the risk of T2DM.

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Handgrip strength—A risk indicator for type 2 diabetes: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational cohort studies

Cited by 45 publications

References 60 publications

Observational study: handgrip strength, body composition and diabetes mellitus

Observational study: handgrip strength, body composition and diabetes mellitus

Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Korean Adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014-2018

Normalized Hand Grip and Back Muscle Strength as Risk Factors for Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 16 Years of Follow-Up in a Population-Based Cohort Study

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