Handoff modeling in cellular CDMA with finite sources and state-dependent bandwidth requirements

Abstract

It is envisioned that small cells are going to play an important role in future cellular networks. Due to limited coverage areas of small cells and increased user mobility, a proper analysis and evaluation of handoff traffic is of major importance. In this paper, we propose a novel teletraffic model for the analysis of handoff traffic in cellular CDMA networks. When the cell load is above a predefined threshold, we allow the handoff calls to reduce their bandwidth requirements in order to avoid blocking. Our model also realistically assumes a finite number of traffic sources in the cell and enables analytical determination of uplink blocking probabilities for new and handoff calls. To this end, the CDMA system has been described as a continuous-time Markov chain in order to derive an efficient recursive formula for the calculation of system state probabilities. The proposed analytical model has been validated through simulation experiments, which show good accuracy of the derived results.

Quality of service differentiation in heterogeneous CDMA networks: a mathematical modelling approach

“…Compared to our previous paper [30], the contribution of this work is as follows: a) we enhance the mathematical model with elastic and adaptive traffic types; b) we introduce different QoS levels for each traffic type; c) we propose a practical and easy implementable algorithm for the determination of system state probabilities; d) in addition to CBP, we derive expressions for other important performance metrics, such as RRU and service throughput; e) having benefited by more available space, we present a more detailed description of the mathematical model, providing more diagrams and examples, and much more detailed calculations; f) we provide the applicability framework for our model using C-RAN and SON technologies; g) the evaluation section has been substantially extended; h) we provide both analytical and simulative comparison of our model with other existing models in the literature.…”

“…Taking into account the aforementioned peculiarities of cellular CDMA modelling, the EMLM has been enhanced in [29] (referred to as the W-EMLM) considering only the fixed traffic generated by new calls. Later, the model of [29] was extended to take into account handover traffic as well [30].…”

Mobility-aware QoS assurance in software-defined radio access networks: An analytical study

“…That is, one or more calls of an arriving batch are discarded, if the available cell resources are not enough. Another important extension is made by Vassilakis et al [18], in order to incorporate elastic traffic and thus permitting handoff calls to reduce their bandwidth requirements, so that blocking is avoided when the cell load is above a predefined threshold. Hanczewski et al [19] concentrated on soft handoff, and modelled the so-called active set of cells that participate in call handoff (having the best signal-strength-to-noise ratio).…”

“…We also briefly review some analytical models proposed for calculating cellular network capacity and for performing RRM [16], [17], [18], [19]. These models are based on the KaufmanRobers (K-R) algorithm [20], [21] to achieve time-and spaceefficient calculations.…”

Congestion Probabilities in Erlang-Engset Multirate Loss Models under the Multiple Fractional Channel Reservation Policy

“…Kaufman-Roberts formula ( [18,28]) has led to various extensions of the EMLM either in wired (e.g., [10,12,13,15,16,19,21,26,31,33,34,36,39]) or wireless (e.g., [5,7,17,22,27,35,37,38,44,47]), satellite (e.g., [45,46]) and optical networks (e.g., [3,4,6,[41][42][43]).…”