HANDY: a hybrid association rules mining approach for network layer discovery of services for mobile ad hoc network

Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is an infrastructure-less network formed between a set of mobile nodes. The discovery of services in MANET is a challenging job due to the unique properties of network. In this paper, a novel service discovery framework called Hybrid Association Rules Based Network Layer Discovery of Services for Ad hoc Networks (HANDY) has been proposed. HANDY provides three major research contributions. At first, it adopts a cross-layer optimized design for discovery of services that is based on simultaneous discovery of services and corresponding routes. Secondly, it provides a multi-level ontology-based approach to describe the services. This resolves the issue of semantic interoperability among the service consumers in a scalable fashion. Finally, to further optimize the performance of the discovery process, HANDY recommends exploiting the inherent associations present among the services. These associations are used in two ways. First, periodic service advertisements are performed based on these associations. In addition, when a response of a service discovery request is generated, correlated services are also attached with the response. The proposed service discovery scheme has been implemented in JIST/SWANS simulator. The results demonstrate that the proposed modifications give rise to improvement in hit ratio of the service consumers and latency of discovery process.Pervasive computing enables the technology to be inconspicuously weaved into daily lives [1] providing improved experience to end-user via context-aware execution of services in transparent manner. However, this integration leads to a host of issues arising due to ad hoc networking, nodes mobility and heterogeneity etc. The solution to these problems lies in the abstraction of various types of resources and device capabilities in the form of composable services called Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). These services are exposed via some interfaces (using XML or JSON etc). This abstraction helps in addressing the heterogeneous and dynamic temperament of the network.Generally, a service is qualified by its description D (like the input and output interfaces, functional description) and the QoS attributes Q etc. Services are of different forms and complexities. A service can be software (image processing algorithm), hardware (printer/scanner), data (nearest restaurant information) or other type of resources (video) etc. Irrespective of the type of services, a service discovery mechanism is indispensable for the consumption of services. Service discovery is defined as the process of locating a service provider in the vicinity of service consumer based on the preferences (e.g. the description and QoS attributes) specified by the service consumer. Suppose s ij denotes the service j located at node i and S i denotes the set of services available at a particular node i on the network i.e. S i = {s i1 ,s i2 ,…}, S represents the set of services available on the network i.e., ܵ = ⋃ ܵ ஸஸ with n denoting the number of nodes in the network...

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