Hapten-specific delayed hypersensitivity to epsilon-2,4-dinitrophenyl-L-lysine-Ficoll in guinea pigs immunized with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin.

Abstract

Delayed skin hypersensitivity in guinea pigs was first described by Koch (1) who noted that an extract of tubercle bacilli could induce a prolonged skin reaction when appropriately inoculated into animals which had been made allergic to mycobacteria. Subsequently, Chase (2) showed that the tuberculindelayed type of allergy could be transferred by giving leukocytes derived from immunized animals to otherwise untreated recipients. More recently, Benacerraf and Gell (3-5) and others (6-11) examined the conditions required to induce and elicit delayed sensitivity to hapten protein complexes. They found that immunization with relatively small amounts of these complexes, such as 1-10 fig, produced a delayed type of allergic response that could be elicited with about 10 ~tg of the immunizing hapt~n protein complex, but not with the same hapten on another protein carrier (3).However, when they immunized with large amounts of the hapten-protein complex (1 mg), then they could elicit a delayed type of response with that hapten on another protein carrier provided they challenged the animals with a sufficiently large quantity, 100/~g per skin test site (4).It was of interest to extend these studies further to determine if animals immunized with a hapten-protein conjugate could respond with a delayed type of skin reaction when tested with the same hapten coupled to a carbohydrate carrier. Such a response to a hapten carbohydrate conjugate could then be employed to study further the importance of the carrier and the epitope density in delayed responses.We were also interested in the tolerogenic ability of the hapten carbohydrate complex to inhibit the formation of antibody and skin hypersensitivity in animals immunized with a hapten-protein conjugate. For these purposes the experiments described below were undertaken. Materials and MethodsAnimals. Guinea pigs of the Hartley strain, strain 13, strain 2, NIH strain and NIH C4-deficient subline guinea pigs were supplied by the Rabbit and Rodent Section of the NIH. They were fed Feed A pellets, along with kale and water, all ad lib.

Induction of an Allergic Air-Pouch Inflammation in Rats

“…In connec tion with the above concept, several types of experi mental inflammation of an allergic nature such as synovitis in rabbits [9][10][11], percutaneous skin reac tions in guinea pigs [12,13] and rats [14,15], footpad reactions in mice [16][17][18], adjuvant arthritis [19][20][21] and type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats [22][23][24] and mice [25] were described in the literature. In those models, however, there are some difficulties in doing quantitative measurements for exudative and prolif erative inflammatory processes.…”

Immune Response to a Thymus-Independent Antigen (DNP-Ficoll) in the Guinea Pig

“…However, there has been little work on the immune response to DNP-Ficoll in the guinea pig. McMasteret al [12] im munized guinea pigs with DNP-KLH, a T-dependent antigen, in FCA and skin tested them with varying doses of DNP-Ficoll. They found that, DNP-Ficoll el icited both an immediate and delayed-type skin reac tion, which was dependent on the epitope density of the conjugate.…”

Induction of Autoimmune Diseases with Adjuvants: Separation of Delayed Hypersensitivity and Antibody Formation from Diseases in Experimental Thyroiditis and Aspermatogenesis with <i>Legionella</i> Adjuvant

“…Moreover, responses of the animals in control groups to immunization with BSA or DNP-KLH were used to eval uate the quality of the animals used in the experiments according to the base information that has been accumulated in our laboratories over a number of years on animal responses to BSA and DNP-KLH antigens with and without adjuvant. BSA and KLH were pur chased from Calbiochem-Behring, La Jolla, Calif. KLH was cou pled to DNP as described previously [17]. The DNP-KLH prepara tion was determined to have 6-9 dinitro-phenyl groups per 50,000 dalton subunit.…”